Global NEST Journal, Vol 12, No 4, pp 401-408, 2010
Copyright© 2010 Global NEST
Printed in Greece. All rights reserved
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT CONDITIONS IN TWO
MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS IN GREECE DURING SUMMER
A. KAMOUTSIS
1 1
Laboratory of General and Agricultural Meteorology
A. MATSOUKIS
1,*
Division of Geological Sciences and Atmospheric Environment
K. CHRONOPOULOS
2
Department of Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens
E. MANOLI
1
75, Iera Odos Str., 118 55 Athens, Greece
2
Laboratory of Physics, Division of Chemical and Physical Sciences,
Department of Sciences
Agricultural University of Athens
75, Iera Odos Str., 118 55 Athens, Greece
Received: 09/03/09 *to whom all correspondence should be addressed:
Accepted: 26/05/09 e-mail: armatsoukis@aua.gr
ABSTRACT
Human thermal comfort conditions were determined in two mountainous regions of Greece, Gerania
mountains (MG) in east continental Greece, and mountainous Nafpaktia (MN) in west continental
Greece. Both regions are unexploited with considerable tourist potential. Four sites in each study
region were selected on the basis of different altitude. Air temperature and humidity, 1.5 m above
ground surface, were recorded simultaneously every 15 minutes by sensors with dataloggers in
selected sites between 23 June and 28 August 2007. Data of the above parameters were used for
the calculation of the thermohygrometric index from which thermal comfort conditions were
evaluated. Also, an artificial neural network model, was applied for the THI values evaluation at the
highest examined altitudes based on the respective values of the lowest examined altitudes in both
MG and MN. Results showed that from 09:00 to 20:00 h, MN was found to be more suitable, in
relation to MG, for tourist and recreation activities at altitudes of 1338 m. At lower altitudes, both
study regions could be proposed in an equal basis for the above activities during summer. Also, for
the same period, thermal comfort conditions at the highest examined altitudes of MN and MG can
accurately be predicted using artificial neural network models on the basis of those at lowest
examined altitudes. From 21:00 to 08:00 h, MN can be considered clearly as a better tourist
destination than MG.
KEYWORDS: thermohygrometric index, artificial neural networks, mountainous Nafpaktia, Gerania
mountains.
1. INTRODUCTION
Mountains are integral and important parts of the climate system (Beniston et al., 1997).
Meteorological factors such as the solar radiation, the air temperature and the humidity in
combination with the intense relief, different slopes, orientations and other topographic irregularities
results in a variety of microclimates in mountain regions (Barry, 2001). Mountains are, in general,
one of the most popular destinations for tourists (Nepal and Chipeniuk, 2005).
The air layer conditions near the ground up to 2.0 m affect strongly the human activities (Yilmaz et
al., 2007) which are related closely with thermal comfort conditions. Thermal comfort is defined as a
condition of mind in which satisfaction is expressed with thermal environment (ASHRAE, 1966;
Oliveira and Andrade, 2007).
One procedure for the assessment of thermal comfort conditions is based on the use of
biometeorological indices (Matzarakis, 2007) which usually require multi-variants (Toy et al., 2007).
A relative index, the thermohygometric index (THI) provides a more detailed approach to summer
thermal comfort conditions in mountain areas when the available data are air temperature and