C. Godart et al. (Eds.): I3E 2009, IFIP AICT 305, pp. 287–300, 2009.
© IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2009
How to Research People’s First Impressions of Websites?
Eye-Tracking as a Usability Inspection Method and
Online Focus Group Research
Csilla Herendy
University of Pécs, Budapest, Hungary
Abstract. The visual surface of the Hungarian governmental portal – magyaror-
szag.hu – was inspected in 2007 with two different inspection methods: Eye
tacking research and Online focus group research. Both methods help to under-
stand and to chart not only the usability of different websites but also the affec-
tive impressions associated with the websites. In this study, an Experimental
and a Control-group were tested to assess the usability of the site and the emo-
tional reactions to it. The results reveal that the Hungarian government website
is too complicated, dull and difficult to apprehend at a glance.
Keywords: Eye-tracking; online focus-group; website usability.
1 Introduction
In this study, the Hungarian governmental portal, called magyarorszag.hu (in English:
hungary.hu) was researched with the use of two different methods, eye tracking re-
search and online focus-groups. The aims of this study were to investigate and assess
the usability of the main page of the site and to survey the first impressions and the
emotional reactions to the website. The ease (or difficulty) of finding different pieces
of information on the site was tested, and users’ evaluations of the site as simple or
too complicated were investigated. The survey focused on other question as well: the
impressions users had of the civil servants who worked at the portal and of the Hun-
garian administrative sector, after using the site and experiencing the user interface
and the visual surface.
The possible uses of different testing methods for websites are highlighted by vari-
ous studies, such as Usability Inspection Methods [1], F-Shaped Pattern for Reading
Web Content [2]. One of the most promising modern tools is eye tracking, as dis-
cussed by, for instance, Nielsen [2], Duchowski [3]. These studies concentrate of the
eye-movements of the users: how they look at web pages, what they read, what they
don’t read, what they tend to notice or never see, etc.
Using the eye tracking method, the aim of this survey was to reveal how users find
certain information on the site and whether the site meets their general needs and
expectations.
In addition to the eye tracking method, online focus groups were used as well. The
aim of applying the online focus group method was to obtain information about emo-
tional reactions to the site in an effort to understand why the users liked or disliked