‘We are the new Jews!’ and ‘The Jewish Lobby’– antisemitism and the construction of a national identity by the Austrian Freedom Party KARIN STOEGNER Department of Sociology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria ABSTRACT. In this article I will analyse the role of antisemitism for the construction of a national identity and an exclusive national in-group in the discourse of the Austrian Freedom Party (FPÖ). The analysis will show that this discourse of the FPÖ, one of the most successful extreme right-wing parties in Europe, utilises various forms of Holocaust inversion and victim perpetrator reversal in order to delegitimise political opponents. The analysis of these incidents and of the legitimising strategies used by the FPÖ when criticised involves discussing the increasing abstraction of the codes characteristic of latent antisemitism and forms of post-Nazi antisemitism. I will focus on how the FPÖ’s use of the term Holocaust and other terms referring to Nazi atrocities against the Jews corresponds to a universalisation of the term Holocaust in social constellations that are permeated by the culture industry. KEYWORDS: antisemitism, Austrian Freedom Party (FPÖ), counter-cosmopolitan- ism, Europe, national identity, nationalism, right-wing extremism 1. Introduction In recent years, the European extreme right has considerably changed its shape and ideology in response to the changed conditions of a globalised world. This has affected the forms of its nationalism as well as its antisemitism. References to the integrating force of nationalism have largely replaced aggressive and chauvinistic delimitation from other nations (Peham 2012: 353) – nationalism has gone international. Also, we have to be aware that there has been an ideo- logical transformation from the conventional, old ‘fascist’ to a ‘new extreme right’ form of expression of antisemitism (Ignazi 2003), which nonetheless continues to be ‘an independent ideological variable’ (Rensmann 2011: 119). However, the continuing central role of antisemitism is often overlooked, it being seen as ‘marginal in platforms and mobilizations of the postmodern “new extreme right”’, as Lars Rensmann has critically commented (ibid.). Nations and Nationalism •• (••), 2016, 1–21. DOI: 10.1111/nana.12165 © The author(s) 2016. Nations and Nationalism © ASEN/John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2016 EN AS JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF ETHNICITY AND NATIONALISM NATIONS AND NATIONALISM