Official Journal of
the British Blood Transfusion Society
Transfusion Medicine | ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Blood donation in a large urban centre of southeast Brazil:
a population-based study
E. C. Moreno,
1
E. Bolina-Santos,
1
F. Mendes-Oliveira,
1
C. Miranda,
1
E. C. Sabino,
2
J. G. M. Cioi,
1
V. Camargos,
3
W. Caiafa,
3
C. C. Xavier,
4
F. A. Proietti
3,4
& A. B. de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti1
1,4
1
Research Division, Fundação Centro de Hematologia de Minas Gerais (HEMOMINAS), Belo Horizonte, Brazil,
2
Instituto de Medicina
Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil,
3
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, and
4
Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana (FASEH), Vespasiano, Brazil
Received 4 September 2015; accepted for publication 1 February 2016
SUMMARY
Objectives: his study aimed to estimate the prevalence and
characterise potential blood donors and non-donors in a well-
populated and representative urban area of Southeastern Brazil.
Background: Studies on blood donation usually evaluate indi-
viduals who donate. Population-based studies may contribute to
characterise those who never reach the blood centre, trying to
increase the range of donors.
Study Design and Methods: his was a secondary analysis of
a population-based survey and a blood donor motivation study
[Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation study (REDS
II) International]. In a cross-sectional study 4047 individuals
representing a metropolitan area answered the question ‘Have
you ever donated blood at least once in your life?’. he proiles
(‘Yes/No’) were compared. Non-donors from this reference pop-
ulation were compared with donors of a local blood center, in a
case control analysis.
Results: A total of 69·0% of the population had never donated
blood and was composed mostly of women, younger than
30 years old, people not contributing to social security and not
subscribing to newspapers. In the case–control study, the like-
lihood of donating was higher for: men, younger than 50 years
old, longer time of education, married, participating in political
campaigns and with a good self-perception of health. he factors
associated with no blood donation were: self-reported mixed or
white race/ethnicity, income higher than two minimum wages
and belonging to trade union, political, religious/spiritual, or
other social group and worse self perception of health.
Conclusions: his population-based study allowed us to char-
acterise a high proportion of people that never reaches the blood
Correspondence: Elizabeth Castro Moreno, Research Division,
Fundação Hemominas, Rua Grão Pará, 882, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 30.140-341, Brazil.
Tel.: +55(31)37687490; fax: +553132813288;
e-mail: elizabethcmoreno@gmail.com
centre. he results may be used to diversify the donor proile,
creating strategies to target those least likely to donate blood, as
women, white people and those with higher income and pur-
chasing power.
Key words: blood donation, case–control, donor health, donor
motivation, donors, epidemiology, population-based study.
According to the World Health Organization, the median blood
donation rate in high-income countries is 36·8 donations per
1000 people, 11·7 donations per 1000 people in middle-income
countries and 3·9 donations per 1000 in low-income countries.
herefore, it is estimated that 1–3% of the population donate
blood regularly, depending on the local needs and the complexity
of medical procedures (World Health Organization, 2014).
In Brazil, the rate of blood donation in 2006–2012 was on
average 1·6%, ranging from 1·5 to 2·7%, according to region of
the country. Despite eforts to increase recruitment of donors,
the donation rates are lower than desirable. In Minas Gerais
State, from a 1 947 9262 resident population in 2006, 7 756 554
(39·8%) were 18–65 years old, but only 3·9% of those volun-
teered as blood donor candidates (Brazilian Ministry of Health,
2007; Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2014).
To attract blood donors, it is necessary to understand the
determinants of the donation process and characterise the
non-donor population. Population-based studies are essen-
tial for this purpose, but they are scarce and of high cost. In
Brazil, blood donors have been characterised by information
derived from blood centres, including evaluations of serologi-
cal markers, risk factors to transfusion-transmitted infections
(TTI), temporal analysis of blood donation and studies with
prospective donors aimed at the understanding of motivation
for donation (Carneiro-Proietti et al., 2010; Sabino et al., 2012;
Goncalez et al., 2013a,b; Oliveira et al., 2013a,b).
Even though it is important to identify the factors asso-
ciated with non-donation, in order to develop strategies for
recruiting new blood donors in campaigns, we found only two
population-based studies on blood donation in Brazil, both
© 2016 British Blood Transfusion Society doi: 10.1111/tme.12285