Structure of Disordered Eating in a Twin
Community Sample
Tracey Wade
Marika Tiggemann
Andrew C. Heath
Suzanne Abraham
Susan A. Treloar
Nicholas G. Martin
(Accepted 6 March 1995)
Objective: To describe the types of eating problems experienced by women in an
Australian twin population. Method: Questions assessing preoccupation with weight or
shape, use of various methods of weight control, difficulties with weight control,
disordered eating, or binging, were administered to a group of 3,869 female twins.
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to summarize and describe
problematic eating behaviors. Results: For those women experiencing problems with
eating, five groups could be identified. These were overweight women who were
dissatisfied with their weight and shape, underweight women struggling with anorexic
behaviors, women who were having problems with binging, women who were using
more extreme methods of weight control such as vomiting, laxatives, and starvation,
and overweight women who were using slimming and fluid tablets for weight control.
Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that this factor model is an acceptable fit to the
data and that the factor structure generalizes well across two groups viz, the first-born
and second-born twins. Discussion: It was concluded that future studies aiming to
develop a general description of eating problems in the community should specifically
assess the purging behaviors used by women. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Over the last 10 years the diagnostic definitions of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa
have been progressively modified in order to present a more specific and restrictive
Tracey Wade is a Ph.D. candidate from the School of Psychology, Flinders University of South Australia;
Marika Tiggemann, Ph.D., is Senior Lecturer in Psychology at the Flinders University of South Australia;
Andrew C. Heath, D.Phil., is Professor with the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical
School, St. Louis, Missouri; Suzanne Abraham, Ph.D., is Associate Professor with the Department of Obstet-
rics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney; Susan A. Treloar, Ph.D., is Research Associate with the Queens-
land Institute of Epidemiology; and Nicholas Martin, Ph.D., is Professor of Epidemiology with the Queens-
land Institute of Medical Research. Address all correspondence to Tracey Wade, School of Psychology,
Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.
International Journal of Eating Disorders, Vol. 19, No.1, 63-71 (1996)
© 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CCC 0276-3478196/010063-09