ix Contents Chapter 1 Common Pitfalls in the Use of Optical Coherence Tomography for Macular Diseases Lihteh Wu and Teodoro Evans 1.1 Introduction ........................... 1 1.2 Limitations of Time-Domain OCT ....... 2 1.2.1 Acquisition Errors in the Stratus® OCT . . . 2 1.2.2 Interpretation Errors with the Stratus® OCT ....................... 3 1.3 Advantages and Limitations of Spectral-Domain OCT ................ 8 1.4 Conclusion............................. 9 References ............................. 9 Chapter 2 Simultaneous SD-OCT and Confocal SLO-Imaging Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Hans-Martin Helb, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Stefen Schmitz-Valckenberg, and Frank G. Holz 2.1 Background ............................ 11 2.2 Principle of the Combined Imaging Technology ................... 11 2.3 Clinical Application..................... 12 2.4 Conclusions ............................ 16 References ............................. 18 Chapter 3 Fluorescein Angiography Howard F. Fine, Jonathan L. Prenner, and Daniel Roth 3.1 Principles of Fluorescein Angiography ........................... 19 3.2 Procedures for Fluorescein Angiography ........................... 19 3.3 Relevant Anatomy in Fluorescein Angiography ........................... 20 3.4 Time Course of Fluorescein Angiography ........................... 21 3.5 Interpretation of Fluorescein Angiography ........................... 22 3.5.1 Hypoluorescent Lesions ............... 22 3.5.2 Hyperluorescent Lesions............... 22 3.6 Fluorescein Angiography Today......... 24 References ............................. 25 Chapter 4 Wide-Field Imaging and Angiography homas Friberg and Leanne Labriola 4.1 Introduction ........................... 27 4.2 History of Fundus Imaging ............. 28 4.3 Wide-Field Images with a Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope ..... 28 4.3.1 Fluorescein Angiography with a Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope ..... 29 4.3.2 Advantages of Imaging with a Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope ..... 29 4.3.3 Disadvantages of Imaging with a Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope ..... 30 4.4 Clinical Use of Wide-Field Imaging . . . . . . 31 4.4.1 Wide-Field Imaging in Uveitis ........... 31 4.4.2 Wide-Field Imaging in Proliferative Retinopathies .......................... 33 4.4.3 Wide-Field Imaging of Peripheral Retinal Lesions ......................... 36 4.4.4 Wide-Field Imaging of Choroidal Tumors .................... 37 4.5 Future Directions for Fundus Imaging. . . 39 4.6 Conclusion............................. 39 References ............................. 39 Chapter 5 Autofluorescence Imaging Stefen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Monika Fleckenstein, Richard Spaide, and Frank G. Holz 5.1 Introduction ........................... 41 5.2 What is Fundus Autoluorescence? ...... 42 5.3 Identiication of Early Disease Stages.... 42 5.4 Phenotyping ........................... 42 5.5 Disease Markers ........................ 43