Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injections Reduce Spasticit
Mild to Moderate Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia—
Report of 19 Cases
Martin J. Hecht, MD,
1,2
* Henning Stolze, MD,
3,4
Matthias Auf dem Brinke, MD,
5
Ralf Giess, MD,
6
Thoams Treig, MD,
7,8
Martin Winterholler, MD,
9
and Jo¨rg Wissel, MD,
10
for the German Spasticity Education Group
1
Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
2
Department of Neurology, BKH Kaufbeuren, Germany
3
Department of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel,Germany
4
Department of Neurology, Diako Hospital, Flensburg, Germany
5
Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Bad Wildungen, Germany
6
Department of Neurology, Henriettenstiftung, Hannover, Germany
7
Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
8
Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, Schwarzwaldkliniken, Bad Krozingen, Germany
9
Department of Neurology, Rummelsberger Kliniken, Schwarzenbruck, Germany
10
Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beelitz Heilsta¨ tten, Beelitz, Germany
Abstract: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterized
by lower extremity spasticity. Symptomatic therapy generally
includes physical therapy and oral antispastic agents, in se-
lected cases intrathecal baclofen. Because of the positive results
in other treatments of spasticity, the use of botulinum neuro-
toxin type A (BoNT-A) might also be considered for patients
with HSP. We report the effect of BoNT-A injections in 19
unselected patients with HSP treated by the members of the
German Spasticity Education Group. In 17 patients, the mod-
ified Ashworth scale had improved by one point. In one patient,
it improved by three points. Mostof the patients reported
reduction of spasticity. BoNT-A injections were continued in
11 of 19 patients (57.9%). All of the patients with continued
injections had a good or very good global subjective improve-
ment. Patients with less pronounced spasticity and patients wi
accompanying physical therapy tended to exhibit a better ef-
fect.Only four patients reported adverse effects which were
increased weakness in three patients and pain in one patient.
BoNT-A injections appear to reduce spasticity effectively and
safely,especially in patients with mild to moderate spasticity.
The preliminary results of ourcase series should encourage
larger studies of BoNT-A injections in HSP. © 2007 Movement
Disorder Society
Key words: hereditary spastic paraplegia; HSP;botulinum
toxin A; spasticity; therapy.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterized
by lower extremity spasticity and muscle weakness. Spo-
radic forms are also known. Symptoms may evolve at
variousages,from childhood to advanced age and
progress slowly.
1
Usually, spasticity is much more prom-
inent than weakness.
1
Spasticity is often pronounced in
hip flexors and adductors and plantar flexors of the foot.
Gaitanalysis showed significantly lower gaitvelocity,
stride length, step height, and range of motion ofthe
knee angle.
2
Although upper extremity deep tendon re-
flexes are often brisk, there is usually no sign of upper
extremity weakness or spasticity.
1
Until now, there is no causal treatment. Symptomatic
therapy to date primarily includes physical therapy and
oralmedication for spasticity (e.g. baclofen, tizanidine,
*Correspondence to: Dr. Martin J. Hecht, Department of Neurology,
BKH Kaufbeuren, Am Kaiserweiher 8, D-87600 Kaufbeuren, Ger-
many.E-mail: martin.hecht@bkh-kaufbeuren.de
Received 27 June 2006; Revised 21 July 2007; Accepted 5 October
2007
Published online 12 November 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.
interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/mds.21809
Movement Disorders
Vol. 23,No.2,2008,pp.228 –233
© 2007 Movement Disorder Society
228