Effect of Biodentine TM on the proliferation, migration and adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells Zhirong Luo a,1 , Dongmei Li b,1 , Meetu R. Kohli c , Qing Yu a , Syngcuk Kim c , Wen-xi He a, * a Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China b Department of VIP Dental Care, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China c Department of Endodontics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA 1. Introduction Pulpal healing after direct pulp exposure is a complex molecular and cellular process. The sequence of events in pulpal healing is similar to a connective tissue injury. 1 Schroder describes the first stage to involve vascular and inflammatory cell migration, proliferation and adhesion, to control and eliminate the irritant. In the second stage, repair j o u r n a l o f d e n t i s t r y 4 2 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 4 9 0 – 4 9 7 a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 14 November 2013 Received in revised form 17 December 2013 Accepted 20 December 2013 Keywords: Biodentine TM Biosilicate cement hDPSCs Cell proliferation Cell migration Cell adhesion a b s t r a c t Objectives: To investigate the proliferative, migratory and adhesion effect of Biodentine TM , a new tricalcium silicate cement formulation, on the human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods: The cell cultures of hDPSCs obtained from impacted third molars were treated with Biodentine TM extract at four different concentrations: Biodentine TM 0.02 mg/ml (BD 0.02), Biodentine TM 0.2 mg/ml (BD 0.2), Biodentine TM 2 mg/ml (BD 2) and Biodentine TM 20 mg/ ml (BD 20). Human dental pulp stem cells proliferation was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5- dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and BrdU (5-bromo-2 0 -deox- yuridine) viability analysis at different times. Migration was investigated by microphoto- graphs of wound healing and transwell migration assays. Adhesion assay was performed as well in presence of BD 0.2, BD 2 and blank control, while qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain) was used for further analysis of the mRNA expres- sion of chemokine and adhesion molecules in hDPSCs. Results: Biodentine TM significantly increased proliferation of stem cells at BD 0.2 and BD 2 concentrations while decreased significantly at higher concentration of BD 20. BD 0.2 concentration had a statistically significant increased migration and adhesion abilities. In addition, qRT-PCR results showed that BD 0.2 could have effect on the mRNA expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules in human dental pulp stem cells. Conclusions: The data imply that Biodentine TM is a bioactive and biocompatible material capable of enhancing hDPSCs proliferation, migration and adhesion abilities. Clinical significance: Biodentine TM when placed in direct contact with the pulp during pulp exposure can positively influence healing by enhancing the proliferation, migration and adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells. # 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. * Corresponding author at: 145 Chang-le Xi Road, Xian 710032, China. Tel.: +86 29 84776476; fax: +86 29 84776476. E-mail address: hewenxi@fmmu.edu.cn (W.-x. He). 1 These authors contributed equally to this work. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.intl.elsevierhealth.com/journals/jden 0300-5712/$ – see front matter # 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2013.12.011