An Isolated Bi-directional Soft-switched High-
frequency-AC Link DC-AC Converter Using SiC
MOSFETs
Mengqi Wang, Suxuan Guo, Qingyun Huang, Wensong Yu and Alex Q. Huang
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, USA
mwang7@ncsu.edu
Abstract—An isolated bi-directional soft-switched DC-AC
converter with high-frequency-AC (HFAC) link using Silicon
Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs is presented in this paper. A
unipolar-SPWM oriented modulation technique is proposed to
enable the full-bridge (FB) stage to realize zero-voltage-
switching (ZVS) and the cycloconverter stage to realize zero-
current-switching (ZCS). Furthermore, the proposed
modulation technique allows half of the switches in
cycloconverter to work at line frequency (LF) instead of
switching frequency, which significantly reduces switching
loss. Because of SiC MOSFET’s low on-resistance and great
switching performance under high frequency conditions, they
are used for all the switches such to further reduce the
switching loss and conduction loss. Thus the switching
frequency can be pushed to a much higher level, i.e. 50-100
kHz, which largely reduces the profile of the transformer and
inductor. Therefore, the power-density of the converter is
highly improved. The advantages of utilizing SiC MOSFETs
are validated by simulation and experimental results.
Keywords—HFAC link, DC-AC converter, soft-switching, SiC
MOSFET
I. INTRODUCTION
Wide-Bandgap (WBG) devices, such as Silicon Carbide
(SiC) MOSFETs, have emerged as a promising alternative
that pushes the limits of the power semiconductors [1]. The
SiC material has superior performances in electrical
breakdown field, thermal conductivity, electron saturated
drift velocity, and irradiation tolerance [2]. Those remarkable
advantages enable the SiC devices to work at higher voltage,
frequency and temperature. Therefore, SiC device-based
converters is expected to achieve high efficiency and high
power-density as well [3], [4].
In present isolated AC grid-fed UPS, distributed
renewable energy systems and propulsion systems, when low
profile and weight are required, the power conversion is
usually realized by a two-stage DC-AC converter: full-bridge
(FB) stage convert DC to HFAC power, and cycloconverter
enables the HFAC power to fed to utility grid through a
HFAC transformer link [5], [6]. The power conversion is
usually realized by full-bridge (FB) stage cascaded by
cycloconverter stage through a HFAC transformer link [7].
Most common devices used for the AC switches in
cycloconverter are Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) and
Insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). SCR and IGBT
switches are only suitable for medium frequency, i.e., 5 kHz,
because of high switching losses and conduction losses.
Si MOSFETs should be a better option to operate under
high frequency, but for high voltage applications, the reverse
recovery issue is still severe thus the switching frequency is
quite limited [8]. In order to mitigate the reverse recovery
loss of the Si MOSFET body diode, people suggest
paralleling Schottky diode to the device. However, problem
still exists even with Schottky diode. Section II will address
this issue in detail. Thus we proposed to use SiC MOSFETs
for the DC-AC converter.
Voltage spikes introduced by the HF transformer leakage
inductance is another important issue. Adding an RC snubber
branch to the HFAC side of cycloconverter is a
straightforward and widely used approach, which is easy to
carry out. But its effectiveness depends on different
conditions. Moreover, the power dissipation on the snubber
resistor lowers the efficiency. Sree and Mohan proposed
adding an energy recovery circuit to clamp the voltage spikes
[9]. The energy is recovered to the DC source by a
transformer plus a diode rectifier bridge. This approach
comprises additional four diodes and a transformer which
leads to power loss due to the energy circulating in the
system. In reference [10], the authors proposed an active
clamp approach. A pair of bidirectional AC switch with a
snubber capacitor are adopted to absorb the energy stored in
the leakage inductance. However, additional AC switch and
driver circuit result in circulating energy and increase the
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