perfect rhematic perfect nominal aorist rhematic aorist nominal prospective
rhematic
prospective
nominal
subjunctive
IIae geminatae
IIIae infirmae
mÄÄ "to see"
rdj "to give"
jwj "to come
AB
ABj
m3
rdj
j(w)j
ABB
ABj
m33, m3n
rdj
jj
ABB
ABj
m33
dj
jwj
ABB
ABB
m33
dd
jww
ABB
ABjj
m33
rdj(j/w)
jwj(j?)
ABB
ABjj
m33
rdj(j/w)
jwj(j?)
AB
ABj
m3(n)
dj
jwt
characteristic uses:
main clauses, past
reference
noun clauses
complementing
prepositions,
relative past
reference; n sd
_m=f
"he did not hear"
clause of
circumstance,
relative present
reference;
composite forms
jw=f sd
_m=f, m=k
sw sd
_m=f, etc.
noun clauses
including
"emphatic"
constructions,
relative present
reference; jwtj
sd
_m=f "who(m he)
does not hear"
main clauses,
future reference
noun clauses,
future reference;
after jr; real
condition clauses;
jnk/jn N sd
_m=f "it
is I/it is N who
will hear" (cleft
sentence,
prospective)
complement of rdj "to
cause to"; nn sd
_m=f
"he will not hear"; n
zp sd
_m=f "he never
heard"; clauses of
purpose; after jr,
potential condition
clauses
Erman 1928
gewöhnliches sd
_m=f Form für
"indem er"
emphatische Form gewöhnliches
sd
_m=f
Form für
"indem er"
gewöhnliches sd
_m=f
§ 290 § 293 a § 295 §§ 297–301 § 289 § 296 § 291–293
Gardiner 1957
perfective sd
_m=f imperfective sd
_m=f perfective sd
_m=f
§ 450.1 §§ 454.1,4; 455
§ 453
*)
§§ 440–444
§ 450.4 e
*)
§ 454.5
*)
§§ 450.2–4; 252 a;
454.3; 456–457
*)
Gardiner regards all ABB forms of the IIae geminatae verbs (aorist and prospective) as "imperfective sd
_m=f."
Thacker 1954
perfective sd
_m=f imperfective sd
_m=f perfective sd
_m=f prospective sd
_m=f
p. 205 nn. 7–11
(rdj)
p. 203 n.7 (jw); p.
205 n. 11 (rdj)
p. 201 nn. 12–15
(IIIae inf.); p. 206
nn. 1–6 (dd); cf. p.
211 nn. 6–7
p. 205 nn. 12–15
(rdj)
cf. p. 211 nn. 1–4 pp. 204 nn. 11–13 to
205 nn. 1–6 (jwt)
Edel 1955–1964
gewöhnliches sd
_m=f geminierendes
sd
_m=f
gewöhnliches sd
_m=f
§§ 468–471 § 488 §§ 491–506 § 519 §§ 472–473 etc. §§ 472–473; 474;
sd
_mw=f 478–479; 480–481
§§ 520–530
Allen 1984
cf. table 20 (pp. 722–3)
aorist independent aorist nominal aorist adverbial aorist nominal prospective
independent
prospective
nominal
subjunctive
(cf. § 307) § 330 (n sd
_m=f) §§ 235; 269–274;
280–282
§ 259 (cf. § 293) §§ 229; 231; 234;
237; 261; 285
§§ 256; 264
Table 2. The distinction of sd
_m=f forms by various grammarians.