Journal of European Public Policy 10:1 February 2003: 1–19
The agenda-shaping powers of the
EU Council Presidency
Jonas Tallberg
ABSTRACT Existing literature is overwhelmingly sceptical about the capacity of
the Council Presidency to shape the EU agenda. The Presidency’s ability to promote
private concerns is considered highly limited and, typically, the Presidency is
depicted as a ‘responsabilite ´ sans pouvior’. This article challenges the conventional
wisdom on theoretical and empirical grounds. Theoretically, it develops a conceptual
framework that expands the notion of influence, by distinguishing between three
forms of agenda-shaping: agenda-setting, agenda-structuring and agenda exclusion.
In this exercise, I draw on theories of bargaining and decision-making developed
in international relations and American politics. Empirically, the article provides an
inventory of the instruments available to the Presidency within each form of
agenda-shaping, as well as illustrative cases that demonstrate how Presidencies
regularly influence outcomes in EU policy-making. Illustrations are drawn primarily
from the six consecutive Presidencies in the period 1999–2001: Germany, Finland,
Portugal, France, Sweden and Belgium.
KEY WORDS Agenda-setting; chair; Council; entrepreneurship; leadership;
Presidency.
INTRODUCTION
Existing literature on the Council Presidency of the European Union (EU)
pays scant attention to the agenda-shaping powers of this office, focusing
instead on the Presidency as leader, mediator, external representative and
administrative manager. To the extent that the literature addresses the Presi-
dency’s influence over the EU’s policy agenda, the assessments are overwhelm-
ingly pessimistic, depicting the Presidency as an office without power. In this
article, I challenge this established wisdom on theoretical and empirical
grounds. Theoretically, I develop a conceptual framework capable of capturing
alternative forms of agenda influence. In this exercise, I draw on theories of
bargaining, agenda-setting and decision-making, as developed in international
relations and American politics. Empirically, I demonstrate that Presidencies
regularly engage in alternative forms of agenda-shaping and influence outcomes
Journal of European Public Policy
ISSN 1350-1763 print; 1466-4429 online © 2003 Taylor & Francis Ltd
http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
DOI: 10.1080/1350176032000046903