COAL ASIA APRIL 21 - MAY 21, 2014 146 Introduction Over the last decade, Rare Earth Elements (REEs) have become a hot mineral commodity set, particularly in the wake of China’s emergence as the largest world supplier, enacting controversial restrictions that cut REE exports by 72 percent. China currently boasts about 50 percent of global reserves, supplying around 95 percent of the world’s rare earth metals. As the world’s largest exporter, the cut means less supply and higher market price. Other countries with significant REE deposits include the United States, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Malaysia and India. Overview of Rare Earth Elements in Indonesia OPINION By Samuel Lolon Staff Mining Engineer, Golder Associates Inc. Denver, Colorado, USA Mineral and Energy Economics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA Fadli Rahman 1 H 1.008 2 He 4.003 4 Be 9.012 12 Mg 24.31 20 Ca 40.08 38 Sr 87.62 56 Ba 137.3 88 Ra (226) 21 Sc 44.96 39 Y 88.91 57 La 138.9 89 Ac (227) 22 Ti 47.88 40 Zr 91.22 72 Hf 178.5 104 Rf (257) 23 V 50.94 41 Nb 92.91 73 Ta 180.9 105 Db (260) 24 Cr 52 42 Mo 95.94 74 W 183.9 106 Sg (263) 25 Mn 54.94 43 Tc (98) 75 Re 186.2 107 Bh (262) 26 Fe 55.85 44 Ru 101.1 76 Os 190.2 108 Hs (265) 27 Co 58.47 45 Rh 102.9 77 Ir 192.2 109 Mt (266) 28 Ni 58.69 46 Pd 106.4 78 Pt 195.1 110 Ds (271) 29 Cu 63.55 47 Ag 107.9 79 Au 197 111 Rq (272) 30 Zn 65.39 5 B 10.81 6 C 12.01 7 N 14.01 8 O 16 9 F 19 10 Ne 20.18 11 Al 26.98 14 Si 28.09 15 P 30.98 16 S 32.07 17 Cl 35.45 18 Ar 39.95 31 Ga 69.72 32 Ge 72.59 33 As 74.92 34 Se 78.96 35 Br 79.9 36 Kr 83.8 49 In 114.8 50 Sn 118.7 51 Sb 121.8 52 Te 127.6 53 I 126.9 54 xE 131.3 81 Tl 204.4 82 Pb 207.2 83 Bi 209 84 Po (210) 85 At (210) 86 Rn (222) 113 Uut (284) 114 Uuq (289) 115 Uup (288) 116 Uuh (292) 117 Uus 0 118 Uuo 0 67 Ho 164.9 68 Er 167.3 69 Tm 168.9 70 Yb 173 71 Lu 175 99 Es (254) 66 Dy 162.5 98 Cf (249) 65 Tb 158.9 97 Bk (247) 64 Gd 157.3 96 Cm (247) 63 Eu 152 95 Am (243) 62 Sm 150.4 94 Pu (242) 61 Pm (147) 93 Np (237) 60 Nd 144.2 92 U (238) 59 Pr 140.9 91 Pa (231) 58 Ce 140.1 90 Th 232 100 Fm (253) 101 Md (256) 102 No (254) 103 Lr (257) 48 Cd 112.4 80 Hg 200.5 112 Uub (285) 3 Li 6.941 11 Na 22.99 19 K 39.10 37 Rb 85.47 55 Cs 132.9 87 Fr (223) Period Group 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Nonmetal Alkali metal Alkaline Earth metals Transition elements Other metals Metalloids Halogenes Noble gases Lanthanides Actinides Periodic table of the 17 rare earth elements Source: www.rareelementresources.com