“I WILL PUT NONE OF THESE DISEASES UPON THEE (…) FOR I AM THE LORD THAT HEALETH THEE”: CHRIST AS A PHARMACIST AND HEALER IN ICONOGRAPHY AND LITERATURE OF LATE MEDIEVAL AND EARLY MODERN TIMES JACEK KOWZAN The aim of this paper is to briefly present the history of the motif of Christ as a physician and apothecary, to indicate its biblical sources and to study its development in the literature and iconography of medieval and early modern times. 1 Although a comparison between disease and sin is not limited to Christianity–one can find its figurative examples in other religions and various pagan philosophies–it is often asserted that Christianity is predominately recognized as a religion of healing. 1 On Christ as a healer see: L. Novakovic. Messiah, the Healer of the Sick: A Study of Jesus as the Son of David in the Gospel of Matthew. Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2003; M. Dods. “Jesus as Healer.” The Biblical World 15, no. 3 (March 1900): 169–177; G. B. Ferngren. “Early Christianity as a Religion of Healing.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 66, no. 1 (Spring 1992): 1–15. S. L. Davies. Jesus the Healer. Possession, Trance and the Origins of Christianity. London: SCM Press, 1995. On Christ as apothecary see. for example, Fritz Krafft. Christus als Apotheker: Ursprung, Aussage und Geschichte eines christlichen Sinnbildes. [In German.] Marburg: Universitätsbibliothek, 2001; H.-W. Hein. Christus als Apotheker. [In German.] Frankfurt am Main: Govi-Verlag, 1974; H. Pfeiffer. “Christus als Apotheker: Beschreibung und Deutung des Olgemaldes im Deutschen Apotheken-Museum in Heidelberg mit einem Beitrag zur Entstehung des Bild motives.” [In german.] Geschichte der Pharmazie 44, 1992: 1–9; J. A. Steiger. Medizinische Theologie: Christus Medicus und Theologia medicinalis bei Martin Luther und im Luthertum der Barockzeit. [In German.] Leiden: Brill 2005; S. van der Geest. “Christ as a pharmacist: Medical symbols in German devotion.” Social Science and Medicine 39, no. 5 (1994): 727–732. This paper is partly indebted to some of these works.