Synthetic Metals 64 (1994) 83-89
ELSEVIER
Synthesis of novel chloro-substituted N,N'-
dicyanoquinonediimines. Formation of charge transfer complexes
and copper radical-anjon salts
Nazario Martín
a
,*, José L. Segura
a
, Carlos Seoane
a
, *, Cristina Torío
a
,
Araceli González
b
, José M. Pingarrón
b
"Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Compluten se, 28040 Madrid, Spain
bDepartamento de Químic a An alítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Received January 14 , 1994; accepted February 12, 1994
Abstraet
Novel chloro-substituted N,N '-dicyanoquinonediimines (DCNQIs) (S) have been synthesized from the corresponding quinones
(4) by reaction with bis(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimide (BTC) and titanium tetrachloride. CycJic voltammetry (CV) measurements
of the prepared DCNQIs (S) exhibited the presence of two one-ele ctron reversible reduction waves to the corresponding
radical anion and dianion. The first reduction potential revealed a better aeceptor ability of compoun ds S than the parent
DCNQI, these values being strongly dependent on the presence of chlorine atoms. The 'H NMR high resolution spectral
data showed, when possible, the presence of the syn-{lnli isomers in these compound s (S). Charge transfer complexes (6) of
the novel DCNQIs (S) with the donor tetrathiafulvalene (TTF ) and a lso the copper radical-anion salts (7) have been obtained.
Room temperature conductivities of the charge transfer complexes (6) and charge transfer salts (7) were measured and the
temperature dependence exhibited a semiconducting behaviour.
Introduction
The synthesis of the 7T-acceptor molecule N,N'-di-
cyanoquinonediimine (DCNQI) reported by Aumüller
and Hünig in 1984 [1] started the search for new types
of molecular materials. Particularly interesting was
2,5-dimethy I-N,N' -d icyanoquinoned ¡¡mine (2,5-DM-
DCNQI) which forms highly conducting radical-anion
salts with no metal-insulator transition [2]. Very pure
crystals of this salt ((2,5-DM-DCNQI) 2 Cu) show a
conductivity of 5 X 10
5
S cm -, at 3.5 K and present a
crystalline structure in which the copper atoms are
coordinated in a slightly distorted tetrahedral fashion
to the N atoms of four N-cyano groups , thus introducing
a novel concept into the packing motif of the organic
molecular materials [2]. Other different 2,5-substituted
DCNQI copper radical-anion salts also showed a stable
metallic behaviour [3].
* Author s lo whom corre s pondenc e should be add ressed.
03 79·6779/94 /$ 07.00 © 1994 Elsevier Science S.A. AlI rights re se rved
SSDJ 0379-6779(94)020 8 1-9
Apparently, 2,5-disubstituted DCNQI derivatives
bearing large substituents, such as OMe and 1, lead
to copper salts with stable metallic states. With medium-
sized substituents, such as Me and Br, the behaviour
of the copper salts is dependent on the different elec-
tronic properties of the substituents [4]. Additionally ,
although several DCNQI derivatives have been syn-
thesized [5] and their electrochemical properties eval-
uated [6], a lesser number of charge transfer complexes
with organic donor molecules [7] and also the metal
radical-anion salts were prepared [8].
In this context, novel substituted DCNQI derivatives
are needed in order to reach a deeper understanding
of metallic molecular materials . Recently, we have
reported the synthesis, electrochemistry and crystal
structure of 7T-extended DCNQI derivatives containing
fused benzene rings and discussed their properties in
terms of steric and electronic effects [9].
In this paper we describe the synthesis of novel
DCNQI derivatives bearing a variable number of chlo-
rine atoms as substituents in order to tune the acceptor