IEEE-Intenational Conference On Advances In Engineering, Science And Management (lCAESM -2012) March 3 0, 3 1, 2012 255 Properties ofBiouels and their DieselBlends as a Fuel for e.l. Engines Pravin A. Madane, Dr. Prof. Ashok T. Pise" Sandesh Chougule Department ofMechanical Engineering, Govt. College ofEngineering. KaradMS. 415124 (India) Abstact: Biomass derived vegetable oils can be used an alternative fuels for CI engines. In this view the properties measurement of biofuels and its blends with diesel were carried. Biofuels selected for the properties measurement are Undi, Palm and Simarouba. These fuels are added in proportions with pure diesels so as to biodiesel form. These biofuels in transesterication process are prepared in ethyl and methyl based. The blends of the biofuels are formed in volume proportions of 10,20,30,40,50 and 100 % with commercial diesel. The various physical and the chemical properties of these biofuels and its blends with diesel were measured. From the measured data of these properties trend lines were plotted and the correlations are found. Also comparative studies of these properties of the blends are discussed in terms of its suitability as fuel in the CI engine with emission characteristics. Also the efforts are made, to study the preparation method and its probable effect on CI engine is discussed. The main obj ective of this study is to ind the suitability of these biofuels and its blends as alternative fuel for CI Engine. Keywords: Undi, Palm, Simarouba; Biodiesel; c.1. Engine; Transesteriication; Properties; Blends I. INTRODUCTION Among the various possible options available, fuel derived rom triglycerides (vegetable oils/animal fats) is presenting a promising "greener" substitute to the conventional petroleum resources. Also rom the point of view of protecting global environment and concens for long term energy security, it is becoming necessary to develop an altenative uel with properties comparable to petroleum based uels. One possible altenative to fossil fuel is the use of oils of plant origin like vegetable, tree bone and seeds. Biouels contains 90% of the heat energy of diesel which makes them better alternative to the diesel uel termed as biodiesel. It is biodegradable, non toxic and possesses low emission proiles. Usage of biodiesel will allow a balance to be sought between agriculture, economic development and the environment. Chemically, biodiesel is refered to as the mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty-acids derived rom renewable liquid sources. Biodiesel is the name for a variety of ester based oxygenated uel rom renewable biological sources. It can be used directly in CI engines with little or no modiications. Vegetable oils are produced rom numerous oil seed crops. While all vegetable oils have high energy content, most of them require some processing to assure safe use in intenal combustion engines. All the biodiesels which obtain rom the seeds of their plants In this view some of the researchers have tested the biodiesels and its blends with diesel as uel in CI engines. Forson et al. [1] showed that jatropha oil could be conveniently used as a diesel substitute in CI engine. But high viscosity of vegetable oil causes inadequate atomization and incomplete combustion. Raheman and Phadtare [2] studying the fuel properties of Karanj methyl ester (KME) and its blend with diesel rom 20% to 80% by volume and in running a diesel engine with these uels. Engine tests have been carried out and conclude that the blends of karanja esteri4ed oil (B20 and B40) a suitable altenative fuel for diesel. Raheman and Ghadge [3], investigate the performance of Ricardo E6 engine using biodiesel obtained rom Mahua oil and its blend with high speed diesel at varying compression ratio rom 18: 1 to 20: 1, injection timing and engine loading. The brake speciic uel consumption and exhaust gas temperature increased, whereas brake thermal eiciency decreased with increase in proportion of biodiesel in the blends tested for the same operating conditions performance of the engine reduced with increase in biodiesel percentage in the blend. Sahoo et al. [4], show that the transesteriication process improved the uel properties of the oil. The comparison of these properties with diesel shows that the methyl esters of jatropha, karanja and polanga oil have relatively closer uel property values to that of diesel. ISBN: 978-81-909042-2-3 ©20l2 IEEE