Controllability analysis of uncertain polytopic systems with time-varying
state delay
D. Famularo, G. Franz` e and F. Tedesco
1
1
DEIS - Universit` a degli Studi della Calabria
Rende (CS), 87036, ITALY
{franze,famularo,ftedesco}@deis.unical.it
Abstract— In this paper reachability/controllability proper-
ties for networked systems described by uncertain polytopic
linear plants subject to time-varying state delays and input
constraints are analyzed. Up to our best acknowledge, previous
technical contributions on the matter were not been capable
to properly address time-delay occurrences. To this end a new
result making it possible to efficiently compute the set of states
that can be robustly steered in a finite number of steps, via
state feedback control, to a given target set is here proposed.
A final simple example is used to show the applicability of the
proposed results.
I. I NTRODUCTION
Establishing safety properties of hybrid and networked
systems is one of the most interesting, but equally chal-
lenging, problems for formal methods. With the increased
embedding of digital controllers inside physical devices,
such as automobiles and aircraft, the need for automated
tools and techniques for formal analysis and verification has
become more pressing. Exhaustive testing via simulation is,
in most cases, neither possible nor practical. Reachability and
safety concepts are now in fact being recognized as central
problems in designing controllers.
From a methodological point of view, Reachabil-
ity/Controllability analysis is a relevant research issue in
control theory because of its strict relationship with set
invariance, set-membership state estimation, constrained con-
trol, fault tolerant control schemes etc., see the books [4],
[7], papers [3], [17], [19] and references therein. Starting
ideas on reachability analysis and guaranteed state estimation
can be traced back to the pioneering control literature (see
the seminal papers [22], [6], [21], [14]). The common
denominator behind these early approaches is that the exact
reachability concept is a high computationally demanding
task and it is necessary to resort to approximation schemes
in order to properly attack the problem. Approximate reach-
ability paradigms are several in literature exploiting essen-
tially, ellipsoidal, polytopic or even zonotopic calculus to
obtain guaranteed inner and/or outer estimates of the exact
reachable sets/tubes or sets of possible states consistent
with acquired information, system dynamics and uncertainty
features (see [16], [15], [1] and references therein).
A common feature of these approximate reachabil-
ity/controllability sets computational approaches is to resort
to the so-called predecessor operator algorithm by computing
the set of states that can be robustly steered (using an
admissible control input) to a given target set in a single
step. The predecessor operator is then used in a recursive
fashion in order to compute the set of states that can be
robustly steered to the given target set in a finite number of
steps (see [15] and [2]). As previously stated, the advent
of computational improvements and the development of
efficient software tools for classes of constrained systems
of practical interest, such as hybrid and networked systems
have renewed interest in these problems (see [7], [19], [5],
[17] and [12]).
To the best of authors’ knowledge, constrained networked
systems have received relatively little attention. A networked
system can in fact be regarded as a system subject to
time-varying delays and such a paradigm is described via
Functional Differential Equations (FDE), which differ from
Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) because they do not
admit in general a finite dimensional state representation.
As a consequence, performance analysis and control design
for such systems suffer therefore from unavoidable structural
complications and only conservative results and related ap-
proximations are achievable, see the survey paper [20] and
references therein.
Moving from the previous considerations, the main aim
of this paper is to present novel results and related com-
putational schemes for controllability computations using
ellipsoidal calculus for input constrained uncertain polytopic
time-delay systems. We would like to point out that the
proposed extension is not trivial because adequate relaxations
are needed even if all the relevant sets are convex and the
system is linear. The key point is then to give proper inner
approximations of the one-step controllable sets by acting on
both actual and delayed states.
The contribution is twofold: first, Delay-Dependent (DD)
closed-loop stability is guaranteed for input-constrained
time-delay systems. Then, one-step controllable ellipsoidal
regions are computed by resorting to ellipsoidal calculus for-
mulas which are based on a series of convex approximations
of the original problem obtained by means of set-invariance
concepts and of the descriptor approach [11].
Finally, to validate the proposed results a numerical ex-
51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control
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