Research and Practice for Persons
with Severe Disabilities
2014, Vol. 39(3) 195–202
© The Author(s) 2014
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DOI: 10.1177/1540796914556778
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Special Section Article
Facilitated Communication Denies
People With Disabilities Their Voice
Jason C. Travers
1
, Matt J. Tincani
2
, and Russell Lang
3
Abstract
Facilitated Communication (FC) has been rebranded as “supported typing” and repackaged as rapid
prompting method, but remains a disproven intervention for people with disabilities. Despite the
absence of supportive evidence and abundant evidence that facilitators always author the messages, FC
has experienced resurgence in popularity among families, professionals, and advocacy groups. Strategic
marketing, confirmation bias, pseudoscience, anti-science, and fallacy explain this troubling renewal.
We briefly discuss each of these and contrast the method with authentic augmentative and alternative
communication to illustrate differences in values and practices. Our intention is to persuade readers to
resist or abandon FC in favor of validated methods and to encourage advocacy organizations to advance
agendas that emphasize genuine self-expression by people with disabilities.
Keywords
Facilitated Communication, pseudoscience, autism, developmental disabilities, augmentative and alternative
communication
When the call for exchange papers on Facilitated Communication (FC) was announced, we approached the
possibility of contributing a paper with trepidation. On one hand, debate about FC in the scientific com-
munity ended almost two decades ago because every well-designed empirical study demonstrated that
facilitators controlled the content of messages (Jacobson, Mulick, & Schwartz, 1995; Mostert, 2001). We
worried our participation in the exchange might inadvertently lend FC undue legitimacy. We also consid-
ered that we might be targets of ad hominem attacks characterizing us as uncompassionate, unfairly skepti-
cal, or unreasonable. Ultimately, we decided to contribute this Exchange paper because we believe in an
inalienable right to genuine self-expression. FC prevents self-expression by misrepresenting the voice of
people with disabilities by displacing legitimate augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).
Whether rebranded (e.g., “supported typing”) or repackaged as another intervention (e.g., rapid prompt-
ing method), the resurgence of FC is clear (Tostanoski, Lang, Raulston, Carnett, & Davis, 2014; Wegner,
Fuller, & Sparrow, 2003). FC has infiltrated other disability-related disciplines (e.g., speech-language
pathology, disability studies, social justice education) and found supporters who, despite good intentions,
are misinformed and unwittingly misinforming others (e.g., Stubblefield, 2011). Popular promotion of FC
also comes in the form of documentary films and online videos. Now, astonishingly, some state agencies
and universities have endorsed FC as a form of AAC (e.g., Massachusetts Department of Elementary and
Secondary Education, 2011; University of New Hampshire Institute on Disability/University Center for
1
University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
2
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
3
Texas State University, San Marcos, USA
Corresponding Author:
Jason C. Travers, University of Kansas, Joseph R. Pearson Hall, Rm. 521, 1122 West Campus Rd., Lawrence, KS 66045-3101, USA.
Email: jasontravers@me.com
556778RPS XX X 10.1177/1540796914556778Research and Practice for Persons with Severe DisabilitiesTravers et al.
research-article 2014
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