ORIGINAL ARTICLE Plasma nesfatin-1 and glucoregulatory hormone responses to two different anaerobic exercise sessions Abbass Ghanbari-Niaki • Robert R. Kraemer • Raheleh Soltani Accepted: 27 May 2010 / Published online: 13 July 2010 Ó Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorectic protein derived from posttranslational processing of the nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) gene. It is expressed in adipose tissue and is also found in plasma. Nesfatin-1 expression is significantly affected by nutritional status and its actions may be involved in the inhibition of the orexigenic effect of ghrelin. Although the effects of physical exercise on several anorectic and orexigenic hormones have been reported, no studies have investigated its effects upon circulating con- centrations of nesfatin-1. We investigated the effects of acute strenuous interval exercise and circuit exercise on nesfatin and other hormones affected by metabolic stress. Fourteen provincial and national level young male-kick- boxing volunteers participated [age 20.71 ± 2.6 years, height 176.6 ± 2.8 cm, body weight 67.2 ± 3.3 kg, and body mass index (BMI) 21.56 ± 1.42 kg/m 2 ]. After an overnight fast, responses to a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST; 7 sets of 6 9 35 m every 10 s with 1 min rest in between sets) and a non-combat kickboxing session (NCKB; 7 sets of 6 techniques, 20 s per technique with 1 min rest in between sets) were determined. Venous blood samples were collected before, immediately after, and 45 as well as 95 min following the exercises. Plasma GH, insulin, glucose and lactate concentrations significantly increased immediately following the RAST and NCKB protocols, however, plasma nesfatin-1 concentrations were not significantly altered. Higher plasma cortisol and glucose concentrations occurred in response to the RAST compared with the NCKB proto- cols. Although the exercise protocols elicited metabolic stress that significantly altered circulating glucoregulatory hormones, plasma glucose and lactate, there was no signif- icant change in plasma nesfatin-1. A lack of nesfatin-1 response to the exercise protocols may be partially due to the fasting condition. Keywords Nesfatin-1 Á Anaerobic exercise Á Glucoregulatory hormones Introduction Nesfatin-1, a recently discovered protein derived from posttranslational processing of the nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) gene (Goebel et al. 2009), is expressed in the appetite-control hypothalamic nuclei in rats (Oh-I et al. 2006). Nesfatin/NUCB2 is composed of a signal N-termi- nal peptide of 24 amino acids and a protein structure containing 396 amino acids (Shimizu et al. 2009). Oh-I et al. (2006) reported that the possible processed fragments were designated as follows: nesfatin-1, residues 1–82; nesfatin-2, residues 85–163; and nesfatin-3, residues 166–396. With the use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), it has been demonstrated that nesfatin-1 is expressed in the brain including the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic Communicated by Susan Ward. A. Ghanbari-Niaki (&) Á R. Soltani Exercise Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, 47416-95447 Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran e-mail: aghanbariniaki@gmail.com R. R. Kraemer (&) Department of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Southeastern Louisiana University, SLU10845, Hammond, LA 70402, USA e-mail: rkraemer@selu.edu 123 Eur J Appl Physiol (2010) 110:863–868 DOI 10.1007/s00421-010-1531-6