41 Nasha b.R.K. & Nazarudin Z. Suatu kajian kesesuaian dan penerapan tafsiran evolusi sosial dan konsep kerajaan Malayoneia di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu berdasarkan falsafah Marx-Engels Kesturi 2015, 25(1): 41-59 41 SUATU KAJIAN KESESUAIAN DAN PENERAPAN TAFSIRAN EVOLUSI SOSIAL DAN KONSEP KERAJAAN MALAYONESIA DI SEMENANJUNG TANAH MELAYU BERDASARKAN FALSAFAH MARX-ENGELS Nasha bin Rodziadi Khaw Pusat Penyelidikan Arkeologi Global Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800-Minden, Pulau Pinang Nazarudin Zainun Pusat Pengajian Ilmu rnasha@hotmail.com Abstract The social evolution of ancient societies in the Malay Peninsula from the Prehistoric period to the period of state formations involves a gradual shift in terms of their social organization, economic activities, manipulation of natural resources, and relations with the outside world. Early Chinese records had listed down the polities of the Malay Peninsula which sent tributes to the various Chinese Emperors, alongside with brief, but important descriptions about their locations, ecozone, structure of governance as well as the social conditions. These polities include Tun-Sun, Pan-Pan, Tan-Tan, Langkasuka, Kedah Tua, Ko- Lo and Chiu-Chih. According to historical, archaeological and ethnological data, they existed as riverine settlements with some sort of political organizations. Although it is known such development happened in c.5 th Century B.C., the mechanism for state formations in the Malay Peninsula is still being debated. This paper attempts to discuss the feasibility in the application of the Marx-Engels philosophy in discussing social evolution and statecraft of the Malayonesian polities of the Malay Peninsula. Abstrak Evolusi sosial masyarakat awal di Semenanjung Tanah Melayu dari zaman Prasejarah sehingga kepada pembentukan bentuk kerajaan-kerajaan awal melibatkan proses berubahnya bentuk organisasi sosial, kegiatan ekonomi, manipulasi mereka terhadap persekitaran alam dan interaksi dengan dunia luar.