This paper has been accepted for publication in Addiction and is currently being edited and typeset. Readers should note that this paper has been fully refereed, but has not been through the copyediting and proof correction process. Wiley-Blackwell and the Society for the Study of Addiction cannot be held responsible for errors or consequences arising from the use of information contained in this paper; nor do the views and opinions expressed necessarily reflect those of Wiley- Blackwell or the Society for the Study of Addiction. The article has been allocated a unique Digital Optical Identifier (DOI), which will remain unchanged throughout publication. Please cite this article as a "Postprint"; doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04057.x Time to combine intervention with prevention in countries where HIV is also driven by hazardous drinking Carrieri M.Patrizia 1,2,3* , Spire Bruno 1,2,3 , Lert France 4,5 , Michel Laurent 6,7,8 1 INSERM, U912 (SESSTIM), Marseille, France 2 Université Aix Marseille, IRD, UMR-S912, Marseille, France 3 ORS PACA, Observatoire Régional de la Santé Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France 4 Universite Versailles–Saint-Quentin, Faculté de Médecine Paris Ile-de-France Ouest, Versailles, France 5 INSERM U1018, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Sante des Populations, Villejuif, France 6 INSERM, U669, Paris, France 7 Université Paris-Sud and Université Paris Descartes, UMR-S0669, Paris, France 8 Croix-Rouge française, CSAPA Pierre Nicole, Paris, France. * Corresponding author Word count: 506 Schneider et al. (1) devote their editorial to the under-recognized association between alcohol consumption/hazardous drinking and HIV prevention or HIV outcomes. They also highlight the missed opportunities for combined prevention and co-treatment of HIV and alcohol-related problem, especially in countries where this association is striking. Despite the ever-increasing body of evidence showing connections between excessive drinking and both HIV-related risky sexual behaviors and HIV treatment adherence, these connections have not been taken into account in major public health policy and HIV prevention plans. Sexuality and alcohol are often linked, especially in the most vulnerable groups. In HIV- infected patients, alcohol use is associated with both impaired antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and unprotected sex, and therefore in HIV-infected individuals with