LATINA/O PSYCHOLOGY TODAY
VOL 2 – ISSUE 1
© THE AUTHOR(S), 2015
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LATINA/O PSYCHOLOGY TODAY
VOL 2 – ISSUE 1
© THE AUTHOR(S), 2015
EXPERIENCES OF PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL VIOLENCE AMONG
LATINA SEXUAL MINORITIES: A BRIEF REPORT
JENNIE THAI
1, 3
ALICIA K. MATTHEWS, PH.D.
1, 2
FRANCES ARANDA, PH.D.
1, 2
Over 53 million (44.6%) of all women in the United
States (U.S.) have experienced interpersonal
violence (physical and/or sexual) in their lifetime,
with over a third (37.1%) identifying as Latinas
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC],
2011). Sexual orientation has been identified as an
important but under-researched risk factor for
victimization among women. Compared to
heterosexual women, sexual minority women
(SMW: women who identify as lesbian, bisexual, or
non-heterosexual) generally report elevated rates of
trauma, including stressful childhood experiences
such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and
neglect and differential rates of physical and sexual
assault in adulthood (Austin et al., 2008; Balsam,
Rothblum, & Beauchaine, 2005; Friedman et al.,
2011; Lehavot, Molina, & Simoni, 2012; Moracco,
Runyan, Bowling, & Earp, 2007; Saewyc et al.,
2006; Schneeberger, Dietl, Muenzenmaier, Huber, &
Lang, 2014; Stoddard, Dibble, & Fineman, 2009).
Experiences of victimization and violence
have been linked to poor mental and physical health
outcomes in both heterosexual and sexual minority
populations (Balsam, Lehavot, Beadnell, & Circo,
2010). Among SMW specifically, experiences of
victimization have been linked to higher rates of
depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), and suicide ideation (Austin, Roberts,
Corliss, & Molnar, 2008), obesity (Smith et al.,
2010), and hazardous levels of alcohol and other
substance use (Drabble, Trocki, Hughes, Korcha, &
Lown, 2013; Hughes, Johnson, & Wilsnack, 2001;
Hughes, Johnson, Wilsnack, & Szalacha, 2007;
Hughes, McCabe, Wilsnack, West, & Boyd, 2009;
Matthews, Cho, Hughes, Johnson, & Alvy, 2013).
Among women in general, reporting experiences of
victimization to law enforcement and/or seeking
medical or mental health services following a
victimization experience are generally low (National
Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs [NCAVP],
2014; Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). To date, only a
single study has examined reporting and help-
seeking behaviors among SMW after experiences of
violence. Similar to the extant literature, Bernhard
(2000) found that reporting and help-seeking rates
were low among non-Latina White SMW compared
to White heterosexual women; the most frequent
responses to violence were to tell someone they
trust, to take no action, and avoid the perpetrator.
Latina SMW may be even less likely to engage in
reporting and help-seeking behaviors due to a range
of cultural, access, and language barriers, thus
representing a population at elevated risk for poor
mental and physical health outcomes following
victimization experiences.
1. Howard Brown Health Center, Chicago, IL
2. College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago,
3. Address correspondence and reprint requests to:
Jennie Thai
Howard Brown Health Center
3837 N Broadway St, 2
nd
Floor
Chicago IL 60613
Email: jenniet@howardbrown.org