This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/conl.12205. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 1 A Wilderness Approach under the World Heritage Convention Cyril F. Kormos: The WILD Foundation, P.O. Box 9451 Berkeley, CA 94709 USA; International Union for Conservation of Nature, World Commission on Protected Areas cyril@wild.org. Bastian Bertzky: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra VA, Italy; and International Union for Conservation of Nature, World Commission on Protected Areas, Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland bastian.bertzky@jrc.ec.europa.eu. Tilman Jaeger: Independent Consultant and Adviser to the IUCN World Heritage Programme, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil tilman.jaeger@alumni.utoronto.ca. Yichuan Shi: United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland yichuan.shi@unep-wcmc.org. Tim Badman: International Union for Conservation of Nature, Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland tim.badman@iucn.org. Jodi Hilty: Independent Ecologist, 1447 Ash Dr., Bozeman, Montana 59715 USA jodiannhilty@gmail.com.