Arthroscopic-Assisted Percutaneous Screw Fixation of Select
Patellar Fractures
Reha N. Tandogan, M.D., Huseyin Demirors, M.D., Cengiz I. Tuncay, M.D.,
Necip Cesur, M.D., and Murat Hersekli, M.D.
Purpose: To describe a technique of arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous cannu-
lated screw fixation for displaced patellar fractures and to present the results of 5 cases. Type
of Study: Case series. Methods: Five patients (3 male, 2 female) with displaced patellar
fractures treated with an arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous cannulated screw
fixation were prospectively analyzed. The mean age was 53 years (range, 27 to 74 years). All
fractures were fixed with at least 2 4-mm cannulated screws under arthroscopic visualization.
Cerclage wiring through the cannulated screws was necessary in 2 patients with osteopenic bone.
Controlled passive range of motion exercises were started on the first postoperative day. Full
weight bearing with an immobilizer-type brace was allowed as tolerated. The mean follow-up
was 28 months (range, 24 to 35 months). The patients were evaluated with Lysholm II scores,
clinical examination, knee range of motion, thigh circumference measurements, and radiographs.
Results: All fractures healed uneventfully. The mean Lysholm II score was 84.8 (range, 75-96).
All but 1 patient regained full knee range of motion. A mean quadriceps atrophy of 0.8 cm
compared with the contralateral side was seen in unilateral cases. There was no implant failure
or infection. Conclusions: Arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous cannulated screw
fixation is appropriate for displaced transverse patellar fractures without major separation and
comminution. Longitudinal or oblique fractures, even if there are more than 2 major fragments,
are amenable to arthroscopic techniques, providing the fragments are large enough to be fixed
with screws. This technique is minimally invasive and does not disturb the vascular supply of
patella. It allows clear visualization of the reduction and stability of the fracture, and facilitates
early postoperative range of motion exercises. This method is not suitable for highly comminuted
fractures or transverse fractures with major separation that are accompanied by rupture of the
extensor mechanism. Key Words: Patella fracture—Arthroscopic treatment—Cannulated screws.
P
atellar fractures are quite common, constituting
approximately 1% of all skeletal injuries.
1
It is
generally accepted that displaced fractures without
significant comminution should be treated with ana-
tomic reduction and stable internal fixation. Tension-
band wiring using AO principles has been the gold
standard, although several other techniques involving
combinations of K-wires, screws, and cerclage wiring
have been reported.
2-4
We describe a technique of
arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous can-
nulated screw fixation for displaced fractures of the
patella, followed by early postoperative mobilization.
We have found that this technique combines the ad-
vantages of minimally invasive surgery and rigid in-
ternal fixation, thereby permitting early and aggressive
rehabilitation. This method is indicated for displaced
fractures without extensor mechanism disruption. It is
not possible to treat fractures accompanied by lacer-
ation of the medial and lateral retinacula with this
method because these cases require open repair of the
soft tissues and internal fixation of the fracture.
From the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology,
Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Reha N. Tan-
dogan, M.D., Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology,
Fevzi C ¸ akmak Caddesi, 10.sokak no.45, Bahc ¸elievler 06490, An-
kara, Turkey. E-mail: rehat@baskent-ank.edu.tr
© 2002 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
0749-8063/02/1802-2739$35.00/0
doi:10.1053/jars.2002.30486
156 Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 18, No 2 (February), 2002: pp 156 –162