Preface
Zircon multichronology: Fission-track, U-Pb, and combined
fission-track–U-Pb studies
Zircon is a tiny and ubiquitous mineral in the
Earth’s crust that is a versatile multichronological
archive. Zircon contains significant amounts of
radioactive thorium and uranium that decay to
various radiogenic daughter isotopes. From this
mineral, it is possible to obtain U–Th–Pb, (U–Th)/
He, and fission-track (FT) ages from a single small
crystal.
Zircon is found in most rocks and is the only
mineral that is sufficiently resistant to weathering
to have survived for much of the 4.56 billion years
of Earth’s history. The zircon U–Pb system has a
very high closure temperature of 900°C and can
reveal the history of rocks that date back to the
earliest formation of the Earth. Other zircon chro-
nometers have lower closure or annealing tem-
peratures, which are suitable for revealing the
thermal history of rocks. For example, the zircon
FT system is easily reset at low temperatures of
approximately 200–300°C on geological timescales
and the zircon (U–Th)/He system is reset at even
lower temperatures.
The high-temperature U–Pb and low-
temperature FT methods have been simulta-
neously used for thermochronological studies of
detrital zircon (Carter & Moss 1999; Carter &
Bristow 2000). The novel application of multiple
zircon chronometers can be used to better under-
stand the igneous and metamorphic crystallization
history of zircons, tectonic geomorphology (e.g.,
uplift and denudation), and the provenance of sedi-
mentary rocks (Rahl et al. 2003; Anma et al. 2006;
Bernet et al. 2006; Dias et al. 2011; Imayama et al.
2012). The zircon (U–Th)/He dating method
(Tagami et al. 2003; Reiners 2005) and FT dating
using laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–
mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) have been
established in the past decade (Košler & Sylvester
2003; Hasebe et al. 2004, 2009; Donelick et al.
2005), allowing multichronological studies of zircon
based on state-of-the-art mass spectrometry (Shen
et al. 2012; Sueoka et al. 2012).
In September 2011, a special session entitled
‘Zircon and Multichronology’ was held during the
Fall Meeting of the Geological Society of Japan.
The meeting brought together specialists in this
research field to review and debate the latest
developments in zircon dating methods. This
special issue of Island Arc is a compilation of eight
papers written by researchers who contributed to
this session. Danhara and Iwano (2013) have devel-
oped an independent age calibration for FT dating
based on physical constants. The agreement
between FT and U–Pb ages for the same zircon
standard indicates that both methods function as
an independent geochronometer. Hasebe et al.
(2013) review the FT dating method using the
LA-ICP-MS technique for measurements of
uranium concentrations, which does not require
thermal neutron irradiation in a nuclear reactor.
These authors showed that this method makes it
possible to perform FT and U–Pb double dating on
a single zircon grain. Horie et al. (2013) describe
a new microbeam U–Pb dating zircon standard
(OT4; 191 Ma), which has been thoroughly charac-
terized in terms of its crystallinity and its REE,
Hf, and Ti concentrations using a sensitive high-
resolution ion microprobe. Ogasawara et al. (2013)
prepared and documented a secondary zircon
standard (SoriZ93) from a Cretaceous granodior-
ite that has previously yielded a standard biotite
(GJ-1) for K–Ar age calibration. This work pro-
vides a standard suitable for calibration of differ-
ent dating methods. Takagi et al. (2013) show how
zircon FT ages from a pseudotachylyte along the
Atotsugawa Fault, which is one of the most active
faults in Japan, have been reset, and for the first
time apply the Shapiro–Wilk test to identify mixed
FT age distributions. Sakai et al. (2013a,b) present
applications of zircon multichronology using a
combination of inherited U–Pb ages and reset
FT dates to show that a hot metamorphic nappe
covering the lesser Himalayas cooled laterally;
the authors provide a new hypothesis for the
extrusion of metamorphic rocks in an active nappe.
Finally, Iwano et al. (2013) report the results of
an interlaboratory dating study of OD-3 zircon
(33 Ma) separated from a granodiorite, as a poten-
tial multi-grain secondary standard for U–Pb
dating. Characterization of the OD-3 zircon
Island Arc (2013) 22, 261–263
© 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd doi:10.1111/iar.12042