Inter-primer binding site retrotransposon and inter-simple sequence repeat diversity among wild Lens species Faheem Shehzad Baloch a , Muazzez Derya b , Enver Ersoy Andeden b , Ahmad Alsaleh b ,G € onül C € omertpay c , Benjamin Kilian d , Hakan € Ozkan b, e, * a Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Abant _ Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey b Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Çukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey c Cukurova Agricultural Research Institute, Dogankent, Adana, Turkey d Bayer CropScience NV, Innovation Center, BCS Breeding & Trait Development Technologiepark 389052 Zwijnaarde (Gent), Belgium e Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey article info Article history: Received 13 June 2014 Accepted 13 December 2014 Available online Keywords: Retrotransposons Wild species Lentil Genetic resources Taxonomy Turkey abstract Even though lentil has been an important food legume for centuries, genetic studies in lentil are still in their infancy. Genetic diversity and relationships among wild Lens species from Turkey has seldom been investigated. Additionally, a limited number of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been developed for use in breeding and genetic studies of lentil crop. In this study, molecular characterization of 50 accessions mostly from Turkey, belonging to 6 wild and 1 cultivated Lens species, was performed using newly developed inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposons and inter-SSR (ISSR) markers. The 10 iPBS primers generated a total of 151 scorable bands, of which 150 were poly- morphic (99.3%) with an average of 15.0 polymorphic fragments per primer. The 10 ISSR primers detected 138 scorable bands showing 100% polymorphism, with an average of 13.5 bands per primer. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value for ISSR markers (0.97) was higher than that for iPBS markers (0.90). Lens orientalis was found to be the most diverse species, raising the possibility of wide crosses with cultivated species Lens culinaris. Cultivated varieties also showed high level of polymorphism, at 82.92% and 51.92% with ISSR and iPBS markers, respectively. Lens lamottei and Lens tomentosus were found as the least polymorphic species using both marker systems. The grouping of ac- cessions and species within clusters were almost similar when iPBS and ISSR graphs were compared. Our data also suggested the role of iPBS-retrotransposons as ‘a universal marker’ for molecular characterization of wild and cultivated Lens species. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Lentil domestication in the Fertile Crescent dates back to the very beginning of agriculture (Alo et al., 2011). Even though lentil has been an important food legume for centuries, genetic studies in Lens species are still in their infancy. Despite several * Corresponding author. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey. Tel.: þ90 322 3386400; fax: þ90 322 3386381. E-mail address: hozkan@cu.edu.tr (H. € Ozkan). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biochemical Systematics and Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biochemsyseco http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2014.12.002 0305-1978/© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 58 (2015) 162e168