GED and Other Noncredit Courses:
The Other Side of the Community College
Andrew J. Ryder, Linda Serra Hagedorn
While the vast amount of research on the topic of American community
colleges is limited to those students enrolled in credit-bearing courses, it
must be stressed that approximately 40 percent (headcount) of commu-
nity colleges are enrolled in noncredit programs (American Association of
Community Colleges, 2011). The National Center for Education Statistics
Report on Occupational Programs (2001) reported that 41 percent of less-
than-four-year institutions offered at least one occupational program on a
noncredit basis.
Perhaps surprisingly, a major proportion of the workforce develop-
ment performed by the community college is done through the noncredit
sector. In fact, community colleges actively contributed to economic
revitalization of the 1980s by attracting businesses to invest in contract
training through noncredit instruction (Jacobs and Dougherty, 2006).
Currently, some states are beginning to recognize noncredit workplace
training and even providing some reimbursement (Phillippe and Sullivan,
2005). However ubiquitous noncredit may be, noncredit students remain
the neglected sector of the community college mission, which is usually
described as having these components: transfer, vocational, general educa-
tion, and noncredit community outreach (emphasis added; Breneman and
Nelson 1981; Labaree 1997). Some would add “remedial” as another
important component of the mission. In fact, The National Profile of Com-
munity Colleges (Phillippe and Sullivan, 2005) does not even include
This chapter examines the involvement of the community college in
the GED process as well as the academic outcomes for high school
dropouts who have enrolled in the program. Using Iowa as an
example, the chapter examines the available data and derives
important policies for GED in specific and other noncredit
coursework in general.
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NEW DIRECTIONS FOR INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH, no. 153, Spring 2012 © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) • DOI: 10.1002/ir.20004
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