Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, Vol. 15, No. 3, September 2005 ( C  2005) DOI: 10.1007/s10926-005-5944-7 Secondary Prevention of Work Disability: Community-Based Psychosocial Intervention for Musculoskeletal Disorders Michael J.L. Sullivan, 1,7 L. Charles Ward, 2 Dean Tripp, 3 Douglas J. French, 4 Heather Adams, 5 and William D. Stanish 6 Introduction: One objective of the present research was to examine the degree to which psychological risk factors could be reduced through participation in a community-based psychosocial intervention for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. A second objective was to examine whether psychosocial risk reduction had an effect on the probability of return to work. Methods: Participants were 215 Workers Compensation Board claimants with work-related musculoskeletal disorders who had been absent from work for an av- erage of approximately 7 months (M = 28.8 weeks, range = 4–100 weeks) and were referred to a community-based multidisciplinary secondary prevention program in Nova Scotia, Canada. Results: In the current sample, 63.7% of participants returned to work within 4 weeks of treatment termination. The percentage reductions in targeted risk factors from pretreatment to posttreatment were as follows: catastrophizing (32%), depression (26%), fear of movement/re-injury (11%), and perceived disability (26%). Logistic re- gression indicated that elevated pretreatment scores on fear of movement and re-injury (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.35–0.95) and pain severity (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.43–0.96) were associated with a lower probability of return to work. A second logistic regression addressing the relation between risk factor reduction and return to work revealed that only reductions in pain catastrophizing (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.07–0.46) were signifi- cant predictors of return to work. Conclusions: The results of the present study provide further evidence that risk factor reduction can impact positively on short term return to work outcomes. Significance: Outcomes of rehabilitation programs for work disability might be improved by incorporating interventions that specifically target catastrophic 1 Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2 V.A. Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. 3 Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. 4 Department of Psychology, University of Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick. 5 Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 6 Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 7 Correspondence should be directed to Dr. Michael J.L. Sullivan, Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128 Succ Centre Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7; e-mail: michael.jl.sullivan@ umontreal.ca. 377 1053-0487/05/0900-0377/0 C  2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.