ISSN 0030-400X, Optics and Spectroscopy, 2014, Vol. 116, No. 1, pp. 33–46. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2014.
Original Russian Text © N.N. Karaush, B.F. Minaev, G.V. Baryshnikov, V.A. Minaeva, 2014, published in Optika i Spektroskopiya, 2014, Vol. 116, No. 1, pp. 37–51.
33
INTRODUCTION
Highly symmetric carbon framework compounds,
such as fullerenes, graphenes, and nanotubes, have
opened up a new era both in materials science and in
quantum theory of many-electron systems [1]. A vari-
ety of unusual properties of these materials are con-
stantly throwing down the gauntlet to theoretical
physics. For example, the properties of graphenes
strongly depend on terminal structures at the ends of
these polycyclic monolayers [1]. At the same time,
simpler models of new types of cyclic compounds have
been scarcely studied, although the investigation of
specific features of their electronic structure could be
informative for the modern theory of many-electron
systems that are characteristic of carbon nanoassoci-
ates with sp
2
-hybridization.
Combinations of six-membered and five-mem-
bered rings, which are typical of fullerenes and some
nanotubes, also occur rather frequently in conven-
tional organic molecules with a highly symmetric
closed ring structure and small rings containing oxy-
gen or sulfur atoms. Examples of such compounds are
tetraoxa[8]circulene (TOC) and octathio[8]circulene
(OTC) (Fig. 1). These compounds have highly sym-
metric molecules with an unusual internal framework
formed by an eight-membered carbon ring. The struc-
ture of the simplest TOC compound is shown in
Fig. 1a. This compound was synthesized a half-cen-
tury ago [2]; later, its formula was proved using X-ray
diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy [3–7]. The OTC compound was synthe-
sized much later in 2006 [8], and this synthesis became
a revolutionary event in the synthetic chemistry. Actu-
ally, the OTC compound, also referred to as the sul-
flower (consonant with sunflower), is a new form of
carbon sulfide C
2
S [8]. Moreover, the TOC and OTC
compounds are sufficiently chemically inert and ther-
mally stable, which has made it possible to use their
semiconducting properties in the design and fabrica-
tion of organic field-effect transistors and light-emit-
ting diodes [9–11].
In the organic chemistry, there are not many well-
known highly symmetric ring compounds (benzene,
coronene, corannulene, fullerene), and their physical
and chemical properties have been thoroughly investi-
gated both experimentally and theoretically by quan-
tum-chemical methods.
Until recently, the theory of electronic properties
of the TOC compound and sulflowers was neither gen-
eralized nor considered in detail [2–10]. There are
only few published studies in which calculations of the
electronic spectra [11] and infrared (IR) absorption
SPECTROSCOPY OF ATOMS
AND MOLECULES
A Comparative Study of the Electronic Structure and Spectra
of Tetraoxa[8]circulene and Octathio[8]circulene
N. N. Karaush, B. F. Minaev*, G. V. Baryshnikov, and V. A. Minaeva
Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, Cherkasy, 18031 Ukraine
* e-mail: bfmin@rambler.ru
Received May 14, 2013
Abstract—The electronic structure and spectra of two highly symmetric molecules of circulenes, namely, tet-
raoxa[8]circulene and octathio[8]circulene, which belong to the symmetry point groups D
4h
and D
8h
, respec-
tively, have been investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) method using the hybrid functional
B3LYP in the 6-31G(d) basis set. The infrared (IR) spectra of these molecules in the ground and excited trip-
let states have been compared. The comparison of the electronic absorption spectra of both molecules has
revealed that the first electronic transition is forbidden and determined by the electronic–vibrational inter-
action due to the degenerate e
u
modes. The ability of the studied circulenes to fluoresce and phosphoresce has
been analyzed, because these compounds are of interest as promising materials for organic light-emitting
diodes.
DOI: 10.1134/S0030400X13120084
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
X
Y
O
O O
O
I
II
III
IV
Y
X
α
α'
β
β'
(а) (b)
Fig. 1. Molecular structures of (a) TOC and (b) OTC.