BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. 89(3):677–698. 2013
htp://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2012.1044
677
Bullein of Marine Science
© 2013 Rosensiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science of
the University of Miami
GROWTH STRATEGIES OF THE SWORDTIP
SQUID, UROTEUTHIS EDULIS, IN RESPONSE TO
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE SOUTHERN
EAST CHINA SEA—A COHORT ANALYSIS
Kae-Yih Wang, Ke-Yang Chang, Cheng-Hsin Liao,
Ming-An Lee, and Kuo-Tien Lee
ABSTRACT
Studies of the biology and population structure of the swordtip squid,
Uroteuthis edulis (Hoyle, 1885), have been performed along the southwestern
edge of the Sea of Japan to the South China Sea, but limited information is
available on how environmental variation afects the seasonal cohorts. he size
and growth rates of seasonal cohorts of the swordtip squid in the southern East
China Sea were investigated using samples obtained from commercial catches
and research ishing vessels during the period from February 2006 to November
2010. Cohorts that hatched during the winter achieved larger mantle lengths
(ML) and exhibited faster growth. Favorable feeding and temperature conditions
during the following summer and autumn months increased both their growth
rates and reproductive ability. In contrast, cohorts that hatched during the
summer showed slower ML growth due to the lower water temperatures during
the winter and spring, which they experienced at approximately 180 d of age. Our
results demonstrate that size and growth of the swordtip squid varies seasonally,
suggesting that diferences in the growth rates and size at maturity are related to
variation in water temperature.
he swordtip squid, Uroteuthis edulis (Hoyle, 1885), is a large-sized loliginid
squid that inhabits the continental shelf of northern Australia, the Philippine
Islands, the northern South China Sea and central Japan in the western Paciic
(Jereb and Roper 2010). Currently, the species is exploited mainly by Taiwan, the
People’s Republic of China, and Japan in the South China Sea, the East China Sea,
and the southwestern coast of the Sea of Japan (Song et al. 2008, Wang et al. 2010,
Yoda 2011). However, the most abundant stock of the swordtip squid is in the
southern East China Sea (25°N–30°N), which is rich in prey organisms due to the
freshwater discharge from the Changjiang River and the cold dome of subsurface
Kuroshio water (Gong et al. 2003).
Over the past 50 yrs, the swordtip squid has supported an important commercial
ishery in Taiwan, promoting the utilization of torch-light, trawler, and pole-and-
line boats during April and October each year. With the growing scale of ishing
boats and the advancements in ishing equipment, the squid ishing grounds have
been extended from inshore to >200 nmi. From the late 1950s to 1993, annual
landings were <6000 t, but they reached 8000–21,000 t between 1994 and 2005.
However, in 2011 landings were <3000 t (Taiwan Fishery Yearbook, 1959–2011).
he annual catches in Taiwan have decreased in recent years, likely due to an in-
crease in the number of ishing boats from Mainland China, which have operated
in the southern East China Sea since 2003 (Shen et al. 2008).