Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 429-456.
© 2012 Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences.
Nonlinear Bifurcations of Psychological Stress
Negotiation: New Properties of a Formal Dynamical
Model
Lawrence R. Levy
1
, University of Western Ontario, London, ON,
Canada, Weiguang Yao, Eastern Health - Cancer Care Program, St.
John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, George McGuire, University of the
Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada, Dan N. Vollick, University of
British Columbia, Okanogan, BC, Canada, Jennifer Jetté, Alberta Health
Services, Calgary, AL, Canada, Matthew J. Shanahan, James M. Hay,
and Richard W. J. Neufeld, University of Western Ontario, London, ON,
Canada
Abstract: Dynamical systems analysis is applied to a nonlinear model of stress
and coping (Neufeld, 1999). The model is composed of 6 order parameters and
11 control parameters, and integrates core constructs of the topic domain,
including variants of cognitive appraisal, differential stress susceptibility, stress
activation, and coping propensity. In part owing to recent advances in
Competitive Modes Theory (Yao, Yu & Essex, 2002), previously intractable but
substantively significant dynamical properties of the 6-dimensional model are
identified. They include stable and unstable fixed-point equilibria (higher-
dimensional saddle-node bifurcation), oscillatory patterns attending fixed-point
de-stabilization, and chaotic behaviors. Examination of the nature of system
fixed-point de-stabilization, in relation to its control parameters, unveils
mechanisms of re-stabilization, and dynamic stability control. All identified
dynamics emerge naturally from a system whose construction guideposts are
lodged in the addressed content domain. Dynamical complexities therefore may
be intrinsic to the present content domain, possibly no less so than in other
disciplines where the presence of such attributes has been established.
Key Words: stress, coping, dynamical systems, decisional control
INTRODUCTION
Negotiation of psychological stress is deemed to comprise progressive
transactions among environmental demands and threats to well-being (stressors),
coping activity aimed at their resolution, and subjective evaluation of coping
effectiveness (see, e.g., Monroe, 2008). Stress and coping variously have been
1
Correspondence address: Richard W. J. Neufeld, Department of Psychology, University
of Western Ontario, 361-Windermere Rd., Westminster Hall, 3
rd
floor east, London,
Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7. E-mail: rneufeld@uwo.ca
429