Abstract—Surface THz pulse emission from samples
containing 40 layers of InAs quantum dots grown on a
AlAs/GaAs Bragg reflector as well as the picosecond
photoconductivity of devices manufactured from this material
was investigated as a function of the optical wavelength of
femtosecond pulses generated by an optical parametric amplifier.
I. INTRODUCTION
HZ time-domain-spectroscopy (TDS) systems are
predominantly based on optoelectronic components
manufactured from various semiconductor materials.
Photoconductors made from materials with short carrier
lifetimes serve as efficient THz radiation emitters and
detectors; THz radiation can be generated relatively efficiently
also using unbiased surfaces of semiconductor crystals
illuminated by femtosecond laser pulses [1]. All these
applications stimulate research into the THz response of
various semiconductors, especially so since the advent of new
ultrafast lasers operating at longer wavelengths.
Recently, novel structures with multiple layers of
semiconductor quantum dots (QD) are finding important
applications in optoelectronic devices. Although three-
dimensional confinement of charge carriers in QDs results in
discrete electronic states, a large number of dots with different
energy levels leads to carrier dynamics in such an ensemble
that are strongly influenced by contributions from inter-dot
diffusion and carrier trapping. Ultrafast processes in QD
systems were investigated by THz spectroscopy in [2, 3]. Here
we present the first results of spectral measurements of surface
THz emission and picoseconds photoconductivity in QD
layers.
II. EXPERIMENTAL
Samples were grown by molecular-beam-epitaxy on a (100)
GaAs substrate. It had 40 layers of InAs QDs overgrown by
InGaAs quantum wells and GaAs spacers, grown on top of a
AlAs/GaAs Bragg reflector. The total thickness of QD and
spacer region was 1400 nm. Our experimental system was
based on an amplified Yb-doped potassium gadolinium
tungstate (Yb:KGW) laser system (Light Conversion
PHAROS) operating at 1030 nm with a pulse duration of 160
fs and pulse repetition rate of 200 kHz. This laser was used to
drive a cavity-tuned optical parametric oscillator (OPO, Light
Conversion ORPHEUS) generating 140-160 fs duration pulses
with the central wavelength tunable from 640 nm to 2600 nm.
For THz surface emission measurement, the sample was
illuminated by different wavelength pulses generated by the
OPO and the emitted THz signal was sampled by a THz
detector made from low-temperature-grown GaAsBi, which
was activated by part of the Yb:KGW laser beam. For the
picosecond photoconductivity experiment, a Hertzian dipole
antenna structure with a length of 90 μm and a
photoconductive gap width of 5 μm was made on top of the
QD layer. In this case, the gap was illuminated by the OPO
beam at different wavelengths, whereas the conductivity of the
gap was measured using THz pulse radiated by a p-InAs
crystal excited by Yb:KGW laser pulses.
Measured dependences are presented on the Figure 1. The
spectra of both THz emission (triangles) and
photoconductivity (squares) show peaks in the vicinity of the
interdot electron transitions. The photoluminescence spectrum
(gray line) is shown for reference. The origins of these
dependences we will discuss at the conference.
Figure 1. Measured spectra of THz emission (triangles) and
photoconductivity (squares) from QD structure.
III. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, THz excitation spectra of samples containing
InAs QDs were measured for the first time. Those
measurements give insight into the possibilities of using this
material in the emitters and detectors of optoelectronic THz
radiation systems.
G. Molis*, A. Arlauskas**, A. Krotkus**, R. Leyman***, N.Bazieva*** and E. Rafailov***
*Teravil Ltd, A.Goštauto 11, Vilnius, LT-01108, Lithuania
**Center for Physical Science and Technology, Savanorių 231, LT-02300, Vilnius, Lithuania
***Photonics and Nanoscience Group, School of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, University of
Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
THz emission spectroscopy of self-organized InAs quantum dot
ensembles
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978-1-4673-1597-5/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE