Abstract—Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an increasingly recognized and potentially preventable condition. Certain factors, especially the severity of the trauma, perceived lack of social support and pre-traumatic dissociation have been associated with its development. In recent years, a more robust evidence base regarding the management of individuals involved in traumatic events has emerged. This evidence suggested that people might suffer traumatic disorder, immediately after a traumatic event, or appear after several months. This has a negative effect psychological and social order for the survivors of trauma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the hypothesized causal relationships between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological social adjustment among Libyans who participated in the revolution of 17th of February. The researcher collected data from a sample of 215 participated and injured in the Libyan revolution of February 17 used a self-reported questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to establish the relationship between traumatic disorder and social adjustment. It was found that the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) negatively affect psychological and social adjustment. Moreover, the researcher also as was hypothesized found that religious commitment alleviated level of (PTSD) and smoothen the psychological and social adjustment .The study revealed that there is a positive relationship between post-traumatic stress disorders with the lack of psycho-social compatibility. It also revealed that some of the injured in the fighting fronts suffer from social isolation. Index Terms—Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychological adjustment, social adjustment, religious commitment, structural equation modeling (SEM). I. INTRODUCTION Post-traumatic disorder has been defined in many ways by different scholars defending on schools of thought. However, all these different definition asserted that post- traumatic disorder is a mental disorder and anxiety developed as a result of exposure a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. Family members of victims also can develop the disorder. The post-traumatic disorder can occur in people of any age, including children and adolescents. More than twice as many women as men experience. It is believed that people who exposed to trauma as a result of bad event might experience post-traumatic disorder. Among common events that might lead to post-traumatic disorder are earthquakes, hurricanes, wars, rape, car accidents, aircraft accident, and Manuscript received March 4, 2015; revised June 1, 2015. The authors are with Faculty of Major Languages Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Bandar Barn Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia (e-mail: Mikail@usim.edu.my, fefe1980f@gmail.com). collision of trains. These event might cause people expose to an incident very stressful beyond human experience and beyond their imagination which eventually may cause traumatic disorder. The thoughts and memories of scary and disturbing nightmares. These disorders may persist for a long period of time if cares were not seriously taken [1]. The post traumatic disorder was first discovered in 1970 immediately after the Vietnam War, when the symptoms of this disorder began appear on the American soldiers participated in the war .After nine to thirty months from the end of the war, and the soldiers return to their country, and the completion of their military service, many of them showed the symptoms of mental disorders. Despite the fact that more than a quarter of a century had passed on the war, but a large group of those soldiers are still suffering from the symptoms of this chronic disorders. [2] Traumatic disorder has been classified into various categories such as anxiety disorder, phobia, Obsessive-compulsive, and post- traumatic stress disorder. A number of empirical studies has found the strong relationship between both types of traumatic-disorder and psychological disorder. For example. [3] in his empirical study discovered a strong relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and psychological disorder such as stress, anxiety, suicide, homicide and mental problem. These psychological problems are not only individual problems but also the problems of government and society at large. II. EXPLANATORY THEORIES FOR (PTSD) Many of the views of previous studies on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) focused on biological orientation interpretation of the problem. The biological interpretation of post-traumatic disorder mainly based on genetic factors. According to this approach people that people who suffered from this chronic disorder belonging to the families of the infected individuals with mental disorders precedent, and genes may mediate between neurotic personality traits, and post-traumatic stress disorder which eventually operate on a person's willingness to injury Post Traumatic Stress. [4] concluded that genetics play a role in the filming of (PTSD).Using the genes of interest to the serotonin system, because encoding and transmission of serotonin is a genetic region that may modulate emotional response to traumatic events. On the other hand, psychodynamic Approach based on Freud interpretation of post-traumatic stress disorder suggested that the shock of birth that accompanied with sense of newborn suffocated was the major cause of post- traumatic disorder. The approach emphasized that shock of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Psychological and Social Adjustment among Libyan Who Participated in 17th of February Revolution: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 6, No. 9, September 2016 677 doi: 10.18178/ijssh.2016.6.9.731 Fariha Omar M. Elfaydi, Ibrahim Mikail, and R. A. H. Kirembwe