Running head: YOU CAN’T STROOP A LEXICAL DECISION 1 You Can’t Stroop a Lexical Decision: Is Semantic Processing Fundamentally Facilitative? James R. Schmidt, 1 Jim Cheesman, 2 and Derek Besner 3 1 Ghent University, 2 University of Saskatchewan, 3 University of Waterloo Author Note James R. Schmidt, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University; Jim Cheesman, Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan; Derek Besner, Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo. This research was supported by an NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship to James R. Schmidt and NSERC grant AO998 to Derek Besner. James R. Schmidt is a postdoctoral researcher of the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO – Vlaanderen). We thank Jan De Houwer and Adriaan Spruyt for their assistance generating the Dutch word lists for Experiment 5 and Michael E. J. Masson for suggesting the addition of Experiment 5. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to James R. Schmidt, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. E-mail: james.schmidt@ugent.be.