pubs.acs.org/IC Published on Web 01/20/2010 r 2010 American Chemical Society 1274 Inorg. Chem. 2010, 49, 1274–1276 DOI: 10.1021/ic901904b An Iron-Based Cytosolic Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase Mimic Complex Adolfo Horn, Jr.,* ,† Gabrieli L. Parrilha, † Karen V. Melo, † Christiane Fernandes, † Manfredo Horner, ‡ Lorenzo do C. Visentin, § Jullyane A. S. Santos, ) Monique S. Santos, ) Elis C.A. Eleutherio, ) and Marcos D. Pereira* , ) † Laborat  orio de Ci ^ encias Quı´micas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 28013-604, ‡ Departamento de Quı´mica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil 97105-900, and § Departamento de Quı´mica Inorg ^ anica, ) Laborat  orio de Investigac - ~ ao de Fatores de Estresse (LIFE), Departamento de Bioquı´mica, Instituto de Quı´mica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 21941-909 Received September 26, 2009 The development of metallodrugs with antioxidant activities is of importance as a way to protect organisms exposed to stressful conditions. Although iron chemistry in the presence of H 2 O 2 is usually associated with pro-oxidant activity, mainly via the Fenton reaction, we found that the mononuclear compound [Fe(HPClNOL)Cl 2 ]NO 3 (1; C 15 H 18 Cl 3 FeN 4 O 4 , a = 8.7751(3) A ˚ , b = 9.0778(4) A ˚ , c = 24.3869(10) A ˚ , β = 93.370(2)°, monoclinic, P 2 1 /c, Z =4), containing the tripodal ligand 1-[bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl )amino]-3- chloropropan-2-ol, decomposes hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion in vitro as well as shows in vivo protection because it prevents the harmful effects promoted by H 2 O 2 on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation. This protective effect was observed for wild-type cells, as well as for mutant cells, which do not present the antioxidant metalloenzymes catalase (Ctt1) or copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Sod1). Reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion, hydroxyl ra- dical, etc.) and hydrogen peroxide may be generated in the respiratory chain. 1,2 Usually these species are very well managed because aerobic organisms employ different strate- gies to overcome the deleterious effects of these oxidant species. However, increased levels of these species have been associated with a variety of pathophysiological events such as ischemia, reperfusion-related injuries like heart attack, stroke, and organ dysfunction, as well as neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Hunting- ton’s diseases. 3 Catalases (CAT) and superoxide dismutases (SOD) are the major antioxidant metalloenzymes involved in the elimina- tion of H 2 O 2 and O 2 •- , respectively. 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