Studies in the Novel, Volume 41, number 2 (Summer 2009). Copyright © 2009 by the
University of North Texas. All rights to reproduction in any form reserved.
MINDING THE BODY: BENITO CERENO AND
MELVILLE’S EMBODIED READING PRACTICE
MATTHEW REBHORN
Almost every aspect of Herman Melville’s 1855 Benito Cereno
contributes to the menacing atmosphere aboard the ghostly San Dominick:
Atufal’s theatrical scene of contrition, the slave’s attack on a Spanish sailor,
the tossing of a knot to Delano, and, perhaps most famously, Babo’s shaving
of Benito Cereno in the cuddy. Crafted with such sinister effect, these events
do two things simultaneously. First they reveal that there is another narrative,
an “inside narrative,” to borrow a phrase from Melville’s Billy Budd, on board
the San Dominick that lickers at the edge of Delano’s clouded vision. Second
they offer the savvy reader distinct opportunities to unravel the gnarled lines
of the narrative. As most critical studies of the story have suggested, however,
our failure to unknot the narrative–to separate the inside narrative from the
outside one–merely clariies the way our reading practices, like Delano’s, are
implicated in the narratives of power.
1
This essay focuses on another one of these deeply meaningful moments
from the narrative. Near the beginning of Benito Cereno, when Delano is
invited to accompany Cereno on the upper deck, Melville relates:
As during the telling of the story, Captain Delano had once or twice started at
the occasional cymballing of the hatchet-polishers, wondering why such an
interruption should be allowed, especially in that part of the ship, and in the
ears of an invalid; and moreover, as the hatchets had anything but an attractive
look, and the handlers of them still less so, it was, therefore, to tell the truth,
not without some lurking reluctance, or even shrinking, it may be, that Captain
Delano, with apparent complaisance, acquiesced in his host’s invitation. The
more so, since with an untimely caprice of punctilio, rendered distressing by
his cadaverous aspect, Don Benito, with Castilian bows, solemnly insisted
upon his guest’s preceding him up the ladder leading to the elevation; where,
one on each side of the last step, sat for armorial supporters and sentries two
of the ominous ile. Gingerly enough stepped good Captain Delano between