1 Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Proceedings of the 9th Biennial ASME Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis
ESDA08
July 7-9, 2008, Haifa, Israel
ESDA2008-59458
BIODESIGN: OVERCOMING DISCIPLINARY BARRIERS
Marita Canina
Politecnico of Milan
Design Faculty - INDACO Dept
Via Durando 38/A 20158, Milan, Italy
Email: marita.canina@polimi.it
ABSTRACT
A new discipline has been introduced into today’s multicultural
scientific context - Biodesign. Behind the main philosophical
concept of Biodesign is the human body; considered a psycho-
biological unicum. Research activities aim at developing
artificial devices which can be fully integrated into the human
body, or rather into the prosthetic human being.
During the last decade, the interest of design research and
the study of solutions specifically focused on the human being
gave rise to a number of disciplines characterized by the prefix
“bio”, which comes from the Greek word for life. This prefix
may refer to various thematic areas such as: engineering,
medicine, architecture, physics and chemistry. These areas can
be considered as already well-established disciplines. This
means that these sectors have already reached certain solutions
that led them to concentrate their efforts on an in-depth study
of the human-being, in order to tackle what could be called the
“bio” problem. Each discipline, therefore, performs research
proposes new solutions, and discusses possible future scenarios
in the light of its own particular philosophy.
In design along with the other disciplines, a significant
movement towards of renewal has been developing with human
beings; with their bodies as the hub. The biodesigner, in an
attempt to solve the medical-biological problems involved,
makes use of industrial design methods, sharing their
experience with interdisciplinary teams. Biodesign should not
be considered merely design applied to medicine. It may indeed
be more clearly defined as an entirely new discipline; whose
use of an interdisciplinary approach and close cooperation with
the medical-biological sciences are essential to its objective.
Biodesign one of the most interesting fields of research
currently under way, aimed at innovative application of bio-
robotic devices, that involves the design and use of new
technology, such as MEMS and bioMEMS.
This paper gives the research results that were developed in
cooperation with two Faculties: Design and Engineering. The
main research objective is to identify the intervention area and
the role of industrial design in the micro (MEMS) and nano-
technology applications. In particular it’s fundamental in bio-
robotics to determine both the methodology and the right
instruments needed. This paper is divided into two conceptual
parts; the first is theoretical and the second is application
driven. In the introductory analytical part, theoretical basis are
put in order to show the importance of designer cooperation in
the micro-technologies study and in their innovative
applications. Designers can make cooperation amongst experts
easier, co-ordinating design process’ among several research
fields and skills. In the first part; problems, complexities,
application fields and design methodologies connected to bio-
robotic devices are highlighted.
The second part of the research is developed with the
methodology defined by C.Fryling as “through (o by)”. This
methodology is a research approach done throughout projects
and lead by experience. One case history is used to demostrate
such an approach.
1. INTRODUCTION
Research is part of a more general context characterized by the
design problems of bio-robotic devices. The research core is in
the use of micro-technologies and the new projects developed
in that sector. It’s application is in “bio-robotics”, the word for
mechatronic systems that integrate mechanics and control.