Technical Note
The Use of a Revision Femoral Stem to Manage a
Distal Femoral Periprosthetic Fracture in a
Well-Fixed Total Knee Arthroplasty
Richard P. Jeavons, MRCSed, Daniel Dowen, MRCSed,
and Shaun O'Brien, FRCSorth
Abstract: Managing very distal femoral periprosthetic fracture above a total knee arthroplasty
(TKA) is a difficult problem. When a cruciate sacrificing TKA is used, bone stock around the
implant is compromised and, therefore, can limit fixation options. We present technique using the
revision system femoral stem for the PFC Sigma TKA (Depuy; Leeds, England) to stabilize this
particular type of fracture. Keywords: total knee arthroplasty, periprosthetic fracture,
intramedullary canal, revision arthroplasty.
© 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The management of periprosthetic fractures around a
total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a complex problem.
Depending on the level of fracture, multiple methods of
fixation have been described including open reduction
and internal fixation with plate and screw constructs,
fixed angle devices, and intramedullary (IM) nailing as
well as conservative measures.
When fractures occur adjacent to a cruciate sacrificing
(CS) replacement, fixation options become limited as the
intercondylar box preparation requires resection of bone
stock and the box itself can prevent distal screw placement
for many constructs. Intramedullary techniques cannot be
used, as passage through the box is not always possible.
Here, we present a method of IM fixation not
previously described but worth considering when faced
with a distal fracture of the femur close to a well-fixed
femoral component of a CS TKA.
Case Report
An 84-year-old woman was admitted to the trauma
and orthopedic department after a simple trip and fall.
She complained of significant pain in her left total knee
replacement and an inability to weight bare. It was 3
months after a left primary PFC sigma posterior
cruciate substituting total knee replacement (Depuy;
Leeds, England).
Radiographs revealed a transverse type fracture, with
a split extending proximally, close to the femoral
component of the distal femur (Fig. 1). The femoral
component was well fixed to the fracture fragment.
Intramedullary stabilization was the fixation method of
choice, as there was insufficient bone stock for a
periarticular locking plate. However, because of the
intercondylar box of the CS implant, a standard
retrograde nailing technique would have proven
impossible. The idea to use the femoral stem from the
TC3 revision system (Depuy) became apparent. The
femoral stem screws into the intercondylar box attached
to the CS femoral component.
Fixation using this method was undertaken. The
patient made an uneventful postoperative recovery and
was discharged a few days later. At 3 months, she had a
well-healed scar and a range of movement from 0° to
110° flexion. Check x-rays showed her fracture was in
good alignment and healing. She progressed well over the
next 18 months, and on most recent follow up at 2 years,
the fracture was healed; the TKA, well fixed (Fig. 2);
and the patient had no discomfort. She was pleased
with her outcome, walking with no aids again.
Description of Technique
Under general anesthesia and using a high thigh
tourniquet at 300 mm Hg, the old midline incision was
From the Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Sunderland Royal
Hospital, Sunderland, UK.
Submitted August 11, 2010; accepted June 15, 2011.
The Conflict of Interest statement associated with this article can be
found at doi:10.1016/j.arth.2011.06.036.
Reprint requests: Richard P. Jeavons, MRCSed, 38 The Wynd,
Wynyard, Cleveland, United Kingdom, TS22 5QE.
© 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
0883-5403/2701-0026$36.00/0
doi:10.1016/j.arth.2011.06.036
156
The Journal of Arthroplasty Vol. 27 No. 1 2012