FEMS Microbiology Letters 83 (1991) 347-350
© 1991 Federation of European Microbiological Societies 0378-1097/91/$03.50
Published by Elsevier
ADONIS 037810979100460A
347
FEMSLE 04653
Lithotrophic growth and hydrogen metabolism
by Clostridium magnum
Martin Bomar 1 Hans Hippe 2 and Bernhard Schink 1
l Lehrstuhl Mikrobiologie I der Eberhard-Karls-Uniuersitiit, Tiibingen, and 2 Deutsche Sammlung yon Mikroorganismen
und Zellkulturen GrnbH, Braunschweig, F.R.G.
Received 1 August 1991
Accepted 7 August 1991
Key words: Hydrogen metabolism; Homoacetogenesis; Clostridium magnum
1. SUMMARY
Clostridium magnum, originally described as a
non-autotrophic homoacetogenic bacterium, was
found to be able to grow with H2/CO 2, formate,
or methanol with stoichiometric acetate forma-
tion, provided that the growth medium contained
at least 0.025% (w/v) yeast extract. Hydrogen
was also formed as a byproduct of glucose fer-
mentation, and was consumed again after glucose
consumption. Hydrogen formation from glucose
was independent of growth conditions and
reached similar maximal concentrations in min-
eral media with or without ammonia added as
well as in non-growing cultures or in the presence
of carbon monoxide.
2. INTRODUCTION
Homoacetogenic bacteria are characterized by
their ability to use CO 2 as an electron acceptor in
substrate oxidation, and to form acetate as a
reduced fermentation product [1]. Most known
homoacetogens can use hydrogen, formate, or
other C 1 compounds as electron donors, and can
exhibit an entirely autotrophic way of life [1-3].
Only Clostridium formicoaceticum [4] and C.
magnum [5] were reported to be unable to utilize
hydrogen as electron source. In the present com-
munication we show that the latter bacterium
exhibits active hydrogen metabolism during het-
erotrophic or lithotrophic growth provided that
the growth medium contains a minimum amount
of yeast extract.
Correspondence to: Present address: B. Schink, Fakult~it fiir
Biologie der Universifiit Konstanz, Postfach 5560, D-7750
Konstanz, F.R.G.
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Clostridium magnum strain WoBdP1, DSM
2767, was grown at 30 ° C in bicarbonate-buffered,