Exertional Rhabdomyolysis 177 Eran Keltz, Fahmi Yousef Khan, and Gideon Mann Contents Introduction ........................................ 2212 Pathophysiology ................................... 2212 Temperature-Related Exertional Rhabdomyolysis .................................... 2215 Congenital Predisposition to Exertional Rhabdomyolysis .................................... 2215 Clinical Presentation .............................. 2216 Diagnosis ........................................... 2217 Serum CK (Creatine Kinase) ....................... 2217 Serum and Urine Myoglobin ....................... 2217 Blood Chemistry .................................... 2217 Imaging ............................................. 2218 Muscle Biopsy ...................................... 2218 Investigations for Precipitating Factors ............ 2218 Other Investigations ................................ 2219 Complications ...................................... 2219 Management and Treatment ..................... 2220 Prehospital Care .................................... 2220 Hospital Care ....................................... 2221 Treatment of Any Reversible Cause of Muscle Damage ............................................. 2222 Return to Normal Activity ........................ 2222 Prognosis ........................................... 2223 Conclusion ......................................... 2223 Cross-References .................................. 2223 References .......................................... 2223 E. Keltz (*) Orthopedic Surgery Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel e-mail: erankeltz@gmail.com F.Y. Khan Department of Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar e-mail: fakhanqal@yahoo.co.uk G. Mann Service of Sports Injuries, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Meir Medical Centre, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel e-mail: gideon.mann.md@gmail.com; gideon.mann@gmail.com # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 M.N. Doral, J. Karlsson (eds.), Sports Injuries, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_176 2211