584 Ben Cousins
© 2006 The Author.
Journal compilation © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Henry Bernstein and Terence J. Byres.
Journal of Agrarian Change, Vol. 6 No. 4, October 2006, pp. 584– 597.
Journal of Agrarian Change, Vol. 4 No. 1 and 2, January and April 2004, pp. 00–00. Journal of Agrarian Change, Vol. 6 No. 4, October 2006, pp. 584 –597.
© 2006 The Author.
Journal compilation © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Henry Bernstein and Terence J. Byres.
Review Essay
Debating the Politics of Land Occupations
BEN COUSINS
Reclaiming the Land: The Resurgence of Rural Movements in Africa, Asia and Latin
America, edited by Sam Moyo and Paris Yeros. London and New York, Cape
Town: Zed Books and David Philip. 2005. Pp. 426. £60 and US$85.00 (hb);
£19.95 and US$29.95 (pb). ISBN: 1-84277-424-7 (hb); 1-84277-425-5 (pb).
This essay reviews a provocative but flawed volume of case studies of land
occupations in Africa, Asia and Latin America and critically examines the
arguments advanced by Moyo and Yeros in their introduction and co-authored
chapter on Zimbabwe. The editors’ core proposition is that the agrarian and
national questions are linked in the periphery of capitalism because industrial
transformation is incomplete, ‘disarticulated’ forms of accumulation predomi-
nate and dependent states are unable to exercise true sovereignty. The chief
agent of struggles for agrarian reform, and the social base of rural social
movements that occupy land as a key tactic, is identified as ‘the semi-
proletariat’. The political characteristics of these movements are discussed in
the introduction, three continent-wide overviews and several case studies. Most
chapters tend not to support the editors’ arguments, and sometimes contradict
them. These arguments are in any case reductionist and over-schematic. The
categories ‘semi-proletariat’ and ‘peasantry’ are often elided, and differences of
conditions and trajectories are seldom acknowledged. A tendency to economism
vitiates discussion of the politics of land. These problems are also in evidence
in the chapter on Zimbabwe.
Keywords: land occupations, social movements, agrarian questions,
Africa, Asia, Latin America
THE GLOBAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CONTEMPORARY RURAL
SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
This edited volume contains a number of case studies, drawn from Africa, Asia
and Latin America, of contemporary rural social movements that focus on land
Ben Cousins, Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), School of Government, Univer-
sity of Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Bellville 7535, RSA. e-mail: bcousins@uwc.ac.za