Chapter 2 GIS and Remote Sensing-Based Forest Resource Assessment, Quantification, and Mapping in Amhara Region, Ethiopia Mulatie Mekonnen, Tsegaye Sewunet, Mulu Gebeyehu, Bayleyegn Azene and Assefa M. Melesse Abstract World forest resources are continually depleting. Assessing and quanti- fying the current forest resources status is a prerequisite for forest resources improvement planning and implementation. The objectives of this study are to assess, quantify, and map forest resources in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. GIS, GPS, and Remote Sensing technologies were applied for the study. As a result, forest distribution map is prepared. Most of the forest covers were found along the lowland belt of Mirab Gojam, Awi, and Semen Gonder zones bordering the neighboring country, Sudan and the Tigray and Benishangul-Gumz regions. The total forest cover of the region is 12,884 km 2 , that is, about 8.2 % of the total land area. Including bushlands, it is about 21,783 km 2 , which is about 13.85 %. Woodlands, natural dense forest, riverine forest, bushlands, and plantations are 740,808, 463,950, 20,653, 889,912, and 62,973 ha in area with percentage coverage of 4.71, 2.95, 0.13, 5.66, and 0.40 respectively. GIS, GPS, and Remote Sensing were found to be important tools for forest resource assessment and mapping. M. Mekonnen (&) Á M. Gebeyehu Á B. Azene Amhara National Regional State, Bureau of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation and Management Department, PO Box 1188, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia e-mail: mulatiemekonneng@gmail.com; mulatie.mekonnen@yahoo.com M. Gebeyehu e-mail: mulu_gebeyehu@yahoo.com B. Azene e-mail: aze_bayleyegn@yahoo.com T. Sewunet Amhara National Regional State, Bureau of Finance and Economic Development, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia e-mail: tsegayesewinet@gmail.com A.M. Melesse Department of Earth & Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, USA e-mail: melessea@fiu.edu © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 A.M. Melesse and W. Abtew (eds.), Landscape Dynamics, Soils and Hydrological Processes in Varied Climates, Springer Geography, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-18787-7_2 9