TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY,CRITERION-RELATED
VALIDITY, AND MINIMAL DETECTABLE CHANGE OF
SCORE ON AN ABBREVIATED WINGATE TEST FOR
FIELD SPORT PARTICIPANTS
YOUNES HACHANA,
1,2
AHMED ATTIA,
1,2
SABRI NASSIB,
2
ROY J. SHEPHARD,
3
AND MOHAMED SOUHAIEL CHELLY
1,2
1
Research Unit ‘‘Evaluation and Analysis of Factors Influencing Sport Performance,’’ Higher Institute of Sport and Physical
Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia;
2
Department of Biological Sciences Applied to Physical
Activities and Sport, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis, Tunisia; and
3
Faculty of Physical
Education and Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
ABSTRACT
Hachana, Y, Attia, A, Nassib, S, Shephard, RJ, and Chelly, MS.
Test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and minimal
detectable change of score on an abbreviated Wingate test
for field sport participants. J Strength Cond Res 26(5): 1324–
1330, 2012—Repeat measurements in 69 young adults were
performed to assess the test-retest reliability and the 95%
confidence interval of the difference in score between paired
observations (MDC
95
) of a Wingate test as abbreviated for field
sport participants (test of a 15-second duration [15-secT]). Test-
retest reliability was excellent for peak power output (PPO) and
mean power output (MPO), independently of their mode of
expression and was moderate for the fatigue index (FI). The
standard errors of measurement (SEM) for absolute, relative,
and derived PPO and MPO values ranged from 2.6 to 3.7%, all
being smaller than the corresponding smallest worthwhile
change (SWC). In contrast, FI values were rated as ‘‘marginal,’’
with an SEM (9.6%) greater than the SWC (1.7). The range of
MDC
95
values for PPO and MPO were 9.9–10.4 and 7.37–
7.42%, respectively. The absolute MPO showed the highest
test-retest reliability and was the most effective in detecting real
change. A second phase of the study evaluated the criterion-
related validity of the 15-secT in 43 young men who performed
15-secT and standard 30-second Wingate anaerobic test
(30-secT) in random order, on 2 separate occasions. There were
no significant intertest differences in absolute, relative, or derived
PPO. However, the FI for the 30-secT was greater than that for
the 15-secT. Intertest correlations were highly significant for
both MPOs and FIs. These findings suggest that the abbreviated
Wingate test offers a reliable and valid tool for the evaluation of
PPO and MPO, at least in young physical education students.
KEY WORDS maximal power, leg power, working capacity,
cycle ergometer, relative reliability, absolute reliability, criterion
validity
INTRODUCTION
T
he standard Wingate test (30-secT) is a 30-second
cycle-ergometer test developed to evaluate an
individual’s power output (8,40). Performance
indices derived from this test include the peak
power output (PPO), mean power output (MPO), and fatigue
index (FI); these reflect, respectively, the greatest average
mechanical power developed over any 5-second period,
the average power maintained over the six 5-second
segments of the test, and the decline in power over
30 seconds, expressed as a percentage of the peak value
(20). The test requires 30 seconds of maximal effort against
a constant resistance, traditionally set at 7.5% of the subject’s
body mass (kilograms) (3,5,22,33). Because of its widespread
use, the 30-secT has become a standard procedure to validate
other measures of sprint performance such as the maximal
anaerobic running test (29), and the tethered running test
(24,42). It has also been used to evaluate the training status of
sprinters (17), and it is considered a good predictor of short-
distance running performance (27,31,34,41).
Nevertheless, there are both theoretical and practical
objections to the 30-secT. The theoretical premises un-
derlying the test can be traced back to the classic studies of
Margaria et al. (26), Di Prampero (14), and Andersen and the
WHO working party on exercise testing (1). These several
authors envisaged that maximal effort proceeded in 3 phases,
corresponding to the usage of phosphagen reserves (usually
exhausted within 2–4 seconds), accumulation of lactate
Address correspondence to Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly, csouhaiel@
yahoo.fr
26(5)/1324–1330
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Ó 2012 National Strength and Conditioning Association
1324 Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
the TM
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