Contents Contributors ix Foreword xiii Jack Hawkes: Plant Collector, Researcher, Educator and Visionary xv M.T. Jackson The Evolution of Plant Genetic Resources and the Work of O.H. Frankel xvii J.G. Hawkes 1 The History of ex situ Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources 1 G.T. Scarascia-Mugnozza and P. Perrino 2 The Past, Present and Future Contributions of Farmers to the Conservation and Development of Genetic Diversity 23 M.S. Swaminathan 3 The Impact of Gene Technologies on the Use of Genetic Resources 33 J. Peacock and A. Chaudhury Theme 1: The Applications of Genomic Sciences for a Better Understanding of Genepools 4 The New Genetic Era: Will it Help us in Managing Genetic Diversity? 43 A. Karp 5 DNA Polymorphisms in Accessions of Nephelium lappaceum L. 57 P.C. Chew, M.M. Clyde, M.N. Normah and I. Salma 6 Molecular Analysis of Phylogenetic Relationships among Coconut Accessions 61 A. Upadhyay, J. Jose, R. Manimekalai and V.A. Parthasarathy 7 Molecular Characterization of Gossypium Germplasm for Cotton Improvement 67 R.J. Kohel and J. Yu 8 Molecular Analysis of the Origin and Domestication of Theobroma cacao L. 77 J.C. Motamayor and C. Lanaud v