Optoelectronics Materials and components characterization for
Organic Inorganic Laser Assembling
S.Penna
1
, A.Reale
1
, G.M. Tosi Beleffi
2
, P.S. André
3
, A.L.J. Teixeira
3
, M.Nakao
4
, S.Shinada
4
and N.Wada
4
1
Research Dept, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, 00100, Italy
Phone: +(39)0654444020, Fax: +(39)0654447719, Email: stefano.penna@uniroma2.it
2
ISCTI, Ministry of Economic Development Communication Department, Rome, 00144, Italy
Phone: +(39)0654444364, Fax: +(39)54447719, Email: giorgio.tosibeleffi@comunicazioni.it
3
Instituto de Telecomunicações Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
Phone: +(351)234377900, Fax: +(351)234377901, Email: pandre@av.it.pt
4
NICT, National Inst. of Inf. and Communications Technology, Tokio, 184-8795, Japan
Phone: +(81)9053270539, Fax: +(81) 9053270540, Email: wada@nict.go.jp
Abstract
Authors reports simulations and experimental results on
a small molecule-on-silica based planar grating
implementation for next generation optical lasing
applications.
Introduction
Every year the telecommunication world experiences the
emergence of new services, new technologies and
convergences along the existing services. In particular,
the internet access induced a packet traffic explosion
owing to applications like video sharing, remote storage
et alt. Which impose challenges resulting from the high
bandwidth requirements but also from the nature of the
traffic (IP).
To face this evolution and become more competitive, the
telecommunications market requires continuous
improvement and cost effective solutions. The enormous
needs to expand the available bandwidth impose the
appearance of alternatives to the electronic domain,
which is intrinsically limited in terms of signal
propagation and switching speeds and in terms of power
consumption. In this context, new hybrid generation
photonics applications may revolutionize the
telecommunication world because of their larger
information capacity, low transmission losses and heat
generation, immunity to cross-talk and electromagnetic
interference.
Organic materials seem to be promising elements to
meet these requirements of low cost and compactness,
considered as key in the telecommunication scenario,
because of their low processing costs and their
amorphous nature, that allows to overcome the
traditional limits of the crystalline structure and the
doped glasses. The aim of the authors is to set up a low
cost processed organic inorganic layered structure, for
the implementation of a C band laser source to be
utilized in the optical network unit (ONUs) at the end
user premises. The article is organized as follow. After
the characterization of the active material and the
substrate, simulation results are reported in order to
model the grating and to characterize the overall
structure. After that the authors report the
characterization of the nano-imprinting process,
fundamental step to proceed for the whole source
implementation.
To model and realize the DFB emitting source, a
structure as reported in Fig. 1 has been considered. W
T
and W are geometric parameters, is the grating pitch, g
is depth, d
2
and d
3
are the substrates thickness, all these
parameters are necessary to model the grating and
extract fundamental parameters of the waveguided DFB
cavity as Q factor, K coupling coefficient and the cavity
length [1].
The overall approach, i.e. for the fabrication of the whole
ErQ-based DFB laser, has been based on the selection
and building up of the basic components reported in
Fig.1. The active material, the substrate and the grating.
As active material, has been used the Tris(8-
hydroxyquinolinato) erbium(III) (ErQ), up today the
most efficient organic emitter in the C band, often used
as a benchmark to evaluate the IR efficiency of new
compounds [2]. ErQ lies in the organolanthanide class
[3], so the ErQ molecule is composed by an organic
ligand, that exhibits a good absorption cross section (10
-
18
cm
2
), linked to an Erbium ion: the ligand is
responsible of the antenna effect which allows for an
easy excitation of the molecule and an effective
sensitization of Erbium [4]. The ErQ powder (658502
from Aldrich) was deposited on 1 μm thick SiO
2
-covered
Si substrate by vacuum thermal evaporation in quartz
Fig. 1. ErQ DFB expected layered structure (left side).
Fundamental grating geometric parameters (right side).
FO1
978-1-4244-4103-7/09/$25.0 © 2009 IEEE
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