1. Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy 2. Department of Cardiology, University Federico II Napoli, Naples, Italy 3. Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy Effect of Carvedilol, Ivabradine or their combination on exercise capacity in patients with Heart Failure The CARVIVA HF trial Maurizio Volterrani, MD, 1 Gennaro Cice, MD, 2 Cristiana Vitale, MD, PhD, 1 Giuseppe Caminiti, MD, 1 Salvatore D’Isa, MD, 2 Pasquale Perrone Filardi, MD, 2 Flavio Acquistapace, MD, 3 Giuseppe Marazzi, MD, PhD, 1 Massimo Fini, MD, 1 Giuseppe M.C. Rosano, MD, PhD 1