A mathematical programming approach including flexible recipes to batch operation rescheduling
A.B. Editor et al. (Editors)
© 2005 Elsevier B.V./Ltd. All rights reserved. 1
A mathematical programming approach including
flexible recipes to batch operation rescheduling
Sergio Ferrer-Nadal, Carlos A. Méndez, Moisès Graells, Luis Puigjaner
*
Chemical Engineering Department-CEPIMA, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
ETSEIB, Av.Diagonal 647, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
Abstract
The inherent dynamic nature of industrial environments often needs not only the
execution of the required rescheduling actions but also the proper adjustment of the
production recipe to the current process conditions. Therefore, the concept of flexible
recipe becomes an important part of the rescheduling framework that allows full
exploitation of the batch plant inherent flexibility. This work introduces a rigorous
mathematical approach that incorporates the concept of recipe flexibility to batch
operation rescheduling.
Keywords: rescheduling, flexible recipe, batch operations, MILP model.
1. Introduction
Batch processes have received great attention over the last years because of their higher
flexibility compared to continuous processes and the increasing demand for specialty,
high added-value chemical and pharmaceutical products. Within this context, the short-
term scheduling deals with the optimal allocation of a set of scarce plant resources over
time to manufacture one or more products following a batch recipe. Most of the
scheduling approaches assume that batch processes are operated at nominal conditions
following predefined fixed production recipes (Méndez and Cerdá, 2003a). However, in
many cases a flexible recipe operation may result a more suitable way of incorporating
systematic recipe adaptations depending on the actual process conditions.
The flexible recipe concept was originally introduced by Rijnsdorp (1991) as a set of
adaptable elements that controls the process output. Afterwards, Verwater-Lukszo
(1994) presented a flexible recipe approach for the adjustment of control recipes during
production which has been applied to several case studies (Sěl et al., 1999; Rutten and
Bertrand, 1999). One of the first attempts to extent the flexible recipe approach to a
plant-wide scheduling problem was carried out by Romero et al. (2001). These authors
proposed to integrate a linear flexible recipe model into a multipurpose batch process
scheduling model based on an S-graph algorithm.
In addition to changes in nominal process conditions, frequent unexpected events can
also take place during the normal batch plant operation (equipment failures, late order
arrivals, order cancellations and so on). These unforeseen changes may lead the in-
progress schedule to become suboptimal or even infeasible. Although rescheduling
techniques have a central role in process operations, only a few developments have
focused their attention on this challenging problem (Cott and Macchietto, 1988; Méndez
and Cerdá, 2003b). These rescheduling approaches allow performing certain corrective
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Luis.Puigjaner@upc.es.