ELSEVIER Surface Science 339 (1995) 323-328
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surface science
Alloying at the Co/Pt(111)interface: a study by crystallographic
low energy electron diffraction
Andrea Atrei 1, Ugo Bardi *, Monica Galeotti, Gianfranco Rovida, Marco Torrini,
Ermanno Zanazzi
Dipartimento di Chimica, Universit?t di Firenze, Firenze, 1-50121, Italy
Received 27 January 1995; accepted for publication 19 May 1995
Abstract
After depositing a single atomic layer of cobalt on the Pt(lll) surface, annealing at 600 K leads to the formation of a
surface alloy of stable composition and structure. This phase was examined by crystallographic low energy electron
diffraction finding that of the two topmost layers the first layer contains 20 at% of cobalt and the second one 80 at% of
cobalt. No significant amounts of cobalt could be detected below the second atomic layer from the surface.
Keywords: Alloys; Cobalt; Electron-solid interactions, scattering, diffraction; Low energy electron diffraction (LEED); Low index single
crystal surfaces; Metallic films; Platinum; Surface relaxation and reconstruction
1. Introduction
The cobalt/platinum interface has been object of
a number of studies in view of the magnetic proper-
ties of cobalt thin films and layered phases [1-3].
The structure of systems formed depositing ultra-thin
films of cobalt on platinum has been studied by
various techniques [4-6] as well as the surface struc-
ture of bulk Co-Pt alloys [7-10]. Interdiffusion phe-
nomena occur at the Pt-Co interface at relatively
low temperatures with the formation of surface al-
loys [11]. When starting from a single layer of cobalt
deposited on Pt(lll) we observed by X-ray photo-
* Corresponding author. E-mail: bardi@mailserver.idg.fi.cnr.it.
1 Present address: Laboratorium ftir Festk6rperphysik, ETH,
Ziidch, Switzerland.
electron diffraction (XPD) [12] that diffusion of
cobalt into the platinum bulk is limited to the two
topmost surface layers only. Measurements by low
energy ion scattering (LEIS) [11,12] showed that the
topmost layer in this phase is composed principally
of platinum. However, a direct measurement of the
layer-by-layer composition was not possible by these
techniques, and the LEIS results for the topmost
layer needed to be quantified and verified by an
independent technique. Hence, in the present study
we used quantitative low energy electron diffraction
for this purpose. LEED analysis has been shown to
be able to determine the composition of the first few
atomic layers of several alloys [13], including Co-Pt
ones [7,8]. The results of the present work confirm
that the surface alloy at the Co/Pt(lll) interface is
two atomic layers thick. The composition was found
to be 20 at% cobalt in the topmost layer and 80 at%
in the second.
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