eur urol Suppl 2011;10(9):590 Results: During this period: June 2005 - June 2010, we have managed 75 cases with coraliform stones. In 35 cases we have performed the extraction of calculi with pyelolithotomy; 20 cases with pyelolithotomy in combination with nephrothomy, respectively with one, two or three nephrothomies. In 20 other cases we have performed the extraction of stones with pyelolithotomy, but during the extraction, some pieces of stones remained in calyces so we applied ESWL, with two or three séances, with 4000 srikes. Conclusions: We concluded that treatment modality for managing renal stones are diferent, but coraliform stones can be managed by combining modalities. In the absence of percutaneous litholapaxy aparatures, we treated those cases mainly surgically, respectively with pyelolithotomy, but in some cases also in combination with nephrothomy, or in combination with ESWL . S59 CompaRiSon of peRCutaneouS nephRolithotomy and RetRogRade flexible nephRolithotRipSy foR the management of 2- 4 Cm StoneS: a matChed-paiR analySiS Akman T., Binbay M., Ozgor F., Ugurlu M., Tekinarslan E., Kezer C., Aslan R., Baykal M., Muslumanoglu A.Y. Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Dept. of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey introduction & objectives: Currently, the indications of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) have been extended due to recent improvements in endoscopic technology. In this study, we compared the outcomes of PNL and RIRS in the treatment of 2- 4 cm kidney stones. material & methods: Between September 2008 and January 2011, 34 patients who had renal stones ranging 2- 4 cm in diameter were treated with RIRS. The outcomes of these patients were compared to the patients who underwent PCNL using matched-pair analysis (1:1 scenario). The matching parameters were the size, number and location of the stones as well as age, gender, body mass index, solitary kidney, degree of hydronephrosis, presence of previous SWL and open surgery. Data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact, Student’s t and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Stone-free rates after 1 session were 73.5% and 91.2% for RIRS and PCNL, respectively (p= 0.05). Stone-free rate in the RIRS group improved to 88.2% after the second procedure. Mean operation time was 58.2+13.4 minutes in the RIRS group but 38.7+11.6 minutes in the PCNL group (p<0.0001). Blood transfusions were required in 2 patients in the PCNL group. Overall complication rates in PCNL group were higher, but the diferences were not statistically signiicant. Hospitalization time was signiicantly shorter in the RIRS group (30.0+37.4 vs. 61.4+34.0 hours, respectively; p<0.0001). Conclusions: Satisfactory outcomes can be achieved with multi-session RIRS in the treatment of 2-4 cm renal stones. RIRS can be used as an alternative treatment to PCNL in well-selected cases with larger renal stones. S60 vaRiableS influenCing opeRative time duRing pCnl: an analySiS of 1897 CaSeS Akman T., Binbay M., Akcay M., Tekinarslan E., Kezer C., Ozgor F., Seyrek M., Berberoglu Y., Muslumanoglu A.Y. Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Dept. of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey introduction & objectives: Operative time is an important perioperative factor and is related to post-operative complications and procedural cost-efectiveness. However, there is a few study investigating factors afecting operative time during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). In this study, patient and kidney stone- related factors inluencing operative time were analyzed. material & methods: Clinical records from 1897 patients with renal calculi who underwent PCNL were retrospectively reviewed, and these patients were divided into two groups based on their median operative time (Group 1: ≤ 60 min; Group 2: >60 min). Multivariate analyses as well as univariate analyses including chi- square, Fisher’s exact and Mann Whitney-U tests were used to investigate the efects of independent variables on operative time including patient and kidney stone-related factors such as age, gender, body mass index, history of ipsilateral open surgery, shock wave lithotripsy, presence of hydronephrosis, stone burden, stone type and opacity and surgical experience. Results: The mean operative time was 64.9±27.6 minutes (range: 10-220 minutes). Univariate analyses determined that a history of open surgery, presence of hydronephrosis, stone type and size and surgical experience correlated with operative time (p< 0.05 for all). Multivariate analyses revealed that presence of hydronephrosis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.44, 95% conidence interval: 1.17-1.78, p= 0.002), stone type (OR: 2.12, [CI] 95% CI: 1.69-2.70, p< 0.0001), stone burden (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.85-3.12, p< 0.0001) and surgical experience (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.46-0.70, p< 0.0001) were signiicant independent factors in inluencing operative time. Conclusions: Presence of hydronephrosis, renal stone size and type signiicantly afect the operative time during PCNL. The duration of the operation was also observed to decrease with increased surgical experience. S56 eSwl ReSultS in pediatRiC age gRoup Atar M. 1 , Sancaktutar A.A. 1 , Bozkurt Y. 1 , Penbegul N. 1 , Soylemez H. 1 , Yıldırım K. 1 , Alaattin A. 2 1 University of Dicle, Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Urology, Diyarbakır, Turkey, 2 Batman State Hospital, Dept. of Urology, Batman, Turkey introduction & objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the eicacy and safety of ESWL in pediatric age group patient. material & methods: Between january 2007 and 2010, 203 RUU which is belonged to 165 patients whom are under age 16 included to study. The data of patients examined retrospectively. Whole patients were treated with Direx-Nova lithotriptor and hospitalised 1 day. The mean session number, shock wave and energy of ESWL treatment was 1,2, 1857, and 17,1 respectively. The success of this study is accepted that if the patient is stone free or have clinically insigniicant residual fragments (CIRF). If no stone fragmentation was seen after 3 session ESWL is accepted as a failure. The results are evaluates after 4 weeks of last ESWL session. Results: Mean age was 6,8 (1-16). The number of RUU units wihcih are performed JJ stent, PCNL and open surgery prior to ESWL was 20, 5 and 8 respectively. The mean stone diameter was 10,6 mm. Ninty three RUU have hidronephrosis between grade I and III. After treatment of ESWL 179 RUU have stone free and 17 RUU have CIRF. Averall success was 96,5%. After ESWL treatment three patients have serious renal colic and 5 patients have fever that required hospitalisation. We performed URS to 3 RUU and PCNL to 3 RUU which are failed after ESWL treatment. Conclusions: ESWL is a safe and efective treatment modality in pediatric age group patients for urolithiasis. S57 RiSk faCtoRS foR uRinaRy infeCtion following eSwl Nicola A., Buda P., Oşan G. Targu Mures County Hospital, Dept. of Urology, Targu Mures, Romania introduction & objectives: Extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is currently preferred as treatment for renal and upper ureteric calculi. One of the frequent complications is the urinary infection following the ESWL procedure. material & methods: Our prospective study included 160 patients who underwent ESWL at the Targu Mures County Hospital between 01.10.2010-31.05.2011. The occurrence of complications was examined in the 74 (46.25%) of these patients who had sterile urine before the procedure and who had neither indwelling catheters nor stents and did not received prophylactic antibiotics. After ESWL, 11 patients (14.8%) developed bacteriuria. Results: The positive incidences of urinary bacterial culture were signiicantly increased in patients with renal stones greater than 2cm diameter or multiple renal stones (P=0.025, RR=1.297) and in patients with renal and ureteric calculi (P=0.0464, RR=2.063) comparing with the patients with renal stones smaller than 2 cm or with ureteric stones. Urinary infections following ESWL were also associated with recurrence of renal stones (P=0.0232, RR=1.251) and with a longer evolution of the disease (>10years) – P= 0.0067, RR=1.425. Conclusions: Urinary infections following ESWL are associated with increased volume of the stones (renal stones greater than 2cm diameter or multiple renal stones, renal stones accompanied by ureteric stones), recurrence of renal stones and an evolution of the disease longer then 10 years.Acknowledgement: This paper is partly supported by the Sectorial Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP HRD), inanced from the European Social Fund and by the Romanian Government under the contract number POSDRU 80641 S58 modalithy tReatmentS of CoRalifoRm StoneS Haxhiu I. 1 , Quni Xh. 1 , Hyseni S. 1 , Aliu H. 1 , Baftiu N. 1 , Haxhiu A. 2 , Haxhiu E. 2 1 University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Dept. of Urology, Prishtina, Kosovo, 2 University of Prishtina, Dept. of Medical Faculty, Prishtina, Kosovo introduction & objectives: Renal stone is a common health problem. Stone is a hard and crystalline material formed within the kidney or urinary tract. Aroximately 5% of general population gets renal calculi. Chances of getting kidney stones rises after men cross 40 years. Types of stones: Calcium phosphate or Calcium oxalate stones, Urate stones and Cystine stones Coraliformes stones in most cases are infective stones . Purpose of our work is to give one table of modality of choices for this problem, respectively the way to manage the coraliform stones in our clinic. material & methods: We presented 75 cases with coraliform stones, which are managed in a period from June 2005 - June 2010. The material is taken from the operation protocols and ESWL Service of Urology Clinics. Patients were divided into three groups: -patients who were managed with pyelolithomy only; -patients who were managed with pyelolithotomy and nephrothomy and -patients who were managed with pyelolithotomy and ESWL.