Planning Predicts Dental Service Attendance and the Effect is Moderated by Dental Anxiety and Educational Status: Findings from a One-Year Prospective Study Amir H. Pakpour Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran Paul Gellert Newcastle University, UK Saeed Asefzadeh Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran Falko F. Sniehotta* Newcastle University, UK Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether planning a dental appointment is a predictor of actual dental visits over a one-year period when controlling for past attendance, demographic factors, and dental health beliefs. In addition, the planning–attendance association was explored to determine whether dental anxiety and educational status moderated this relationship. Methods: A total of N = 1,422 adults with a mean age of M = 44.4 (SD = 11.0) years and resident in Iran participated in a prospective study over a one-year period. The primary outcome was self-reported dental appointment attendance at one-year follow-up, which was validated using clinical records. Action planning, coping planning, health beliefs, age, dental insurance, income, dental health status, dental anxiety, and years of education were assessed at baseline by self-report questionnaire. Data were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Action planning and coping planning were significantly associated with dental appointment attendance at one-year follow-up. Planning a dental appointment was more predictive of dental appointment attendance for people with higher levels of education and * Address for correspondence: Falko Sniehotta, Institute of Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle NE2 4AX, UK. Email: falko.sniehotta@ncl.ac.uk APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY: HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, 2014 doi:10.1111/aphw.12025 © 2014 The International Association of Applied Psychology