www.jprr.org Journal of Pattern Recognition Research 1 (2016) 15-24 Received March 3, 2016. Revised May 3, 2016. Accepted May 17, 2016. A Brief Review of Human Identification Using Eye Movement Nastaran Maus Esfahani nastaran.esfahani@gmail.com Computer Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran, Iran Abstract The vulnerability of conventional biometrics to spoof has caused considerable concern especially in those fields that require high reliable user identification. This heightened concern leads to great interest in assessing the probability and efficiency of using eye movements in identification systems. By applying eye movements as biometrics a new approach has been taken into human identification including all the crucial attributes of previous traditional identification that may offer certain notable advantages. The most obvious is the inherent difficulty in forging them. The purpose of this article is to review examples of researches utilizing eye movements in human identification. These studies can be divided into two groups: the first group utilizes eye movement bioelectrical signals in identification purpose and another one uses eye movement tracking in human identification. Keywords: Human identification, eye movement bioelectrical signals, eye movement track- ing. 1. Introduction Human identification is done in an extensive variety of zones of various levels of security and significance. Not having a complete comprehension of the prerequisites for identification as per diverse circumstances, we utilize the same conventional identification method, either through an object for example an ID card or by means of information such as passwords, for each circumstance. This is while new human identification strategies have progressed even beyond utilizing conventional biometrics, and are applying behavioral and cognitive biometrics for identification purposes. Human eyes provide a rich source of information about the identity of a person. Biometric systems commonly use the physical properties of the eyes like the iris and retina in identification purpose. However, the eyes have a strong behavioral component as well, the eye movements. The eye movement features can be utilized in authentication purpose in two ways: The eye movement tracking and the eye movement bioelectrical signals. The structure of our article proceeds in the following manner: In section 2 different types of eye movements and the reason why they are made are explained. Next, the concept of bioelectrical signals, especially eye movement signals, and their benefits over conventional biometrics are presented in detail in section 3. After that, we review some researches that have been carried out about applying eye movement tracking and eye movement bioelectrical signals in human identification in section 4 and 5. Finally, section 6 concludes with final remarks. 2. Different Types of Eye Movement Once an individual looks at an object, the image of the object is projected on to the retina, which consists of light-sensitive cells that convert light into signals which can be transmitted 2016 JPRR. All rights reserved. Permissions to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use may be granted by JPRR provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or special permission from JPRR.